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We assume the permutation $\pi$ is given by an $n$-element array in which the $i$-th element denotes the value $\pi(i)$. Constructing its inverse in-place (i.e. using $O(\log{n})$ bits of additional memory) can be achieved in linear time…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Grzegorz Guśpiel

The paper presents a simple, linear time, in-place algorithm for performing a 2-way in-shuffle which can be used with little modification for certain other k-way shuffles.

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2008-05-13 Peiyush Jain

This article introduces an algorithm, MergeShuffle, which is an extremely efficient algorithm to generate random permutations (or to randomly permute an existing array). It is easy to implement, runs in $n\log_2 n + O(1)$ time, is in-place,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-08-14 Axel Bacher , Olivier Bodini , Alexandros Hollender , Jérémie Lumbroso

A superpermutation is a sequence that contains every permutation of $n$ distinct symbols as a contiguous substring. For instance, a valid example for three symbols is a sequence that contains all six permutations. This paper introduces a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Dhruv Ajmera

The starting point of this work is an equality between two quantities $A$ and $B$ found in the literature, which involve the {\em doubling-modulo-an-odd-integer} map, i.e., $x\in {\mathbb N} \mapsto 2x \bmod{(2n+1)}$ for some positive…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-25 Jean-Paul Allouche , Manon Stipulanti , Jia-Yan Yao

We revisit the problem of permuting an array of length $n$ according to a given permutation in place, that is, using only a small number of bits of extra storage. Fich, Munro and Poblete [FOCS 1990, SICOMP 1995] obtained an elegant…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Bartłomiej Dudek , Paweł Gawrychowski , Karol Pokorski

Shuffling is the process of rearranging a sequence of elements into a random order such that any permutation occurs with equal probability. It is an important building block in a plethora of techniques used in virtually all scientific…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Manuel Penschuck

Consider a finite sequence of permutations of the elements 1,...,n, with the property that each element changes its position by at most 1 from any permutation to the next. We call such a sequence a tangle, and we define a move of element i…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-18 Sergey Bereg , Alexander E. Holroyd , Lev Nachmanson , Sergey Pupyrev

Many parallel algorithms which solve basic problems in computer science use auxiliary space linear in the input to facilitate conflict-free computation. There has been significant work on improving these parallel algorithms to be in-place,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Chase Hutton , Adam Melrod

In this paper, we present several improvements in the parallelization of the in-place merge algorithm, which merges two contiguous sorted arrays into one with an O(T) space complexity (where T is the number of threads). The approach divides…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Berenger Bramas , Quentin Bramas

Frequently, randomly organized data is needed to avoid an anomalous operation of other algorithms and computational processes. An analogy is that a deck of cards is ordered within the pack, but before a game of poker or solitaire the deck…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2008-11-24 William F. Gilreath

A sample of n generic points in the xy-plane defines a permutation that relates their ranks along the two axes. Every subset of k points similarly defines a pattern, which occurs in that permutation. The number of occurrences of small…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Chaim Even-Zohar , Calvin Leng

Permutation patterns and pattern avoidance have been intensively studied in combinatorics and computer science, going back at least to the seminal work of Knuth on stack-sorting (1968). Perhaps the most natural algorithmic question in this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Benjamin Aram Berendsohn , László Kozma , Dániel Marx

The Permutation Pattern Matching problem asks, given two permutations $\sigma$ on $n$ elements and $\pi$, whether $\sigma$ admits a subsequence with the same relative order as $\pi$ (or, in the counting version, how many such subsequences…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Pawel Gawrychowski , Mateusz Rzepecki

The technique of in-situ associative permuting is introduced which is an association of in-situ permuting and in-situ inverting. It is suitable for associatively permutable permutations of {1,2,...,n} where the elements that will be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-01-11 A. Emre Cetin

We find a formula for the number of permutations of $[n]$ that have exactly $s$ runs up and down. The formula is at once terminating, asymptotic, and exact.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 E. Rodney Canfield , Herbert S. Wilf

We find a succinct expression for computing the sequence $x_t = a_t x_{t-1} + b_t$ in parallel with two prefix sums, given $t = (1, 2, \dots, n)$, $a_t \in \mathbb{R}^n$, $b_t \in \mathbb{R}^n$, and initial value $x_0 \in \mathbb{R}$. On…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Franz A. Heinsen

We give an algorithm to compute $N$ steps of a convolution quadrature approximation to a continuous temporal convolution using only $O(N \log N)$ multiplications and $O(\log N)$ active memory. The method does not require evaluations of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2011-11-10 Achim Schädle , María López-Fernández , Christian Lubich

We reconsider a recently published algorithm (Dalkilic et al.) for merging lists by way of the perfect shuffle. The original publication gave only experimental results which, although consistent with linear execution time on the samples…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-08-04 John Ellis , Ulrike Stege

This paper deals with simultaneously fast and in-place algorithms for formulae where the result has to be linearly accumulated: some output variables are also input variables, linked by a linear dependency. Fundamental examples include the…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Jean-Guillaume Dumas , Bruno Grenet
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