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Orthogonal polynomials appear naturally in the study of compositions of M\"obius transformations. In this paper, we consider several classes of orthogonal polynomials associated to non-autonomous perturbations of a parabolic M\"obius map.…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2026-01-26 Katelynn Huneycutt , Samantha Sandberg-Clark , Liz Vivas

Our work studies sequences of orthogonal polynomials $ \{P_{n}(x)\}_{n=0}^{\infty} $ of the Laguerre-Hahn class, whose Stieltjes functions satisfy a Riccati type differential equation with polynomial coefficients, are subject to a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-05-30 Maria das Neves Rebocho , Nicholas S. Witte

We consider orthogonal polynomials on the surface of a double cone or a hyperboloid of revolution, either finite or infinite in axis direction, and on the solid domain bounded by such a surface and, when the surface is finite, by…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2019-12-17 Yuan Xu

Ordinary orthogonal polynomials are uniquely characterized by the three term recurrence relations up to an overall multiplicative constant. We show that the newly discovered M-indexed orthogonal polynomials satisfy 3+2M term recurrence…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 Satoru Odake

In this paper, we give a new proof of a celebrated theorem of J\"orgens which states that every classical convex solution of \[ \det\nabla^2 u (x)=1\quad {in} \mathbb{R}^2 \] has to be a second order polynomial. Our arguments do not use…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-01-20 Tianling Jin , Jingang Xiong

The dual discrete $q$-ultraspherical polynomials $D_n^{(s)}(\mu (x;s)|q)$ correspond to indeterminate moment problem and, therefore, have one-parameter family of extremal orthogonality relations. It is shown that special cases of dual…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2008-04-24 Valentyna A. Groza , Ivan I. Kachuryk

We construct a new family of quasi-solvable and N-fold supersymmetric quantum systems where each Hamiltonian preserves an exceptional polynomial subspace of codimension 2. We show that the family includes as a particular case the recently…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-05-19 Toshiaki Tanaka

We investigate generalized Laurent multiple orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle satisfying simultaneous orthogonality conditions with respect to $r$ probability measures or linear functionals on the unit circle. We show that these…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2026-01-09 Rostyslav Kozhan , Marcus Vaktnäs

We construct new examples of bispectral dual Hahn polynomials, i.e., orthogonal polynomials with respect to certain superposition of Christoffel and Geronimus transforms of the dual Hahn measure and which are also eigenfunctions of a higher…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2021-04-06 Antonio J. Duran

Multiple orthogonal polynomials are a generalization of orthogonal polynomials in which the orthogonality is distributed among a number of orthogonality weights. They appear in random matrix theory in the form of special determinantal point…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2015-01-20 Arno B. J. Kuijlaars

The Darboux transformations of Krawtchouk polynomials are investigated and all possible exceptional Krawtchouk polynomials obtainable from a single-step Darboux transformation are considered. The properties of these exceptional Krawtchouk…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-02-01 Hiroshi Miki , Satoshi Tsujimoto , Luc Vinet

Classical (maximal) superintegrable systems in $n$ dimensions are Hamiltonian systems with $2n-1$ independent constants of the motion, globally defined, the maximum number possible. They are very special because they can be solved…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-11-04 Yuxuan Chen , Ernie G. Kalnins , Qiushi Li , Willard Miller

The NIST Handbook of Mathematical Functions (2010) and the NIST Digital Library of Mathematical Functions (2025) classify classical orthogonal polynomials through Bochner's 1929 algebraic-differential characterisation and its…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2026-03-23 K. Castillo , G. Gordillo-Núñez

Based on the work of Chen and Its [{\em J. Approx. Theory} {\bf 162} ({2010}) {270--297}], we further study orthogonal polynomials with respect to the singularly perturbed Laguerre weight $w(x;t,\alpha) = {x^\alpha}{\mathrm e^{-…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-11-27 Chao Min , Xiaoqing Wu

We present various results on the properties of the four infinite sets of the exceptional $X_{\ell}$ polynomials discovered recently by Odake and Sasaki [{\it Phys. Lett. B} {\bf 679} (2009), 414-417; {\it Phys. Lett. B} {\bf 684} (2010),…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-11-28 Choon-Lin Ho , Satoru Odake , Ryu Sasaki

Infinitely many explicit solutions of certain second-order differential equations with an apparent singularity of characteristic exponent -2 are constructed by adjusting the parameter of the multi-indexed Laguerre polynomials.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2012-11-16 Ryu Sasaki , Kouichi Takemura

This note shows that the orbifold Jacobian algebra associated to each invertible polynomial defining an exceptional unimodal singularity is isomorphic to the (usual) Jacobian algebra of the Berglund-H\"{u}bsch transform of an invertible…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-02-10 Alexey Basalaev , Atsushi Takahashi , Elisabeth Werner

Multiple orthogonal polynomials with respect to two weights on the step-line are considered. A connection between different dual spectral matrices, one banded (recursion matrix) and one Hessenberg, respectively, and the Gauss-Borel…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-10-17 Amilcar Branquinho , Ana Foulquié-Moreno , Manuel Mañas

Two families (type $A$ and type $B$) of confluent hypergeometric polynomials in several variables are studied. We describe the orthogonality properties, differential equations, and Pieri type recurrence formulas for these families. In the…

q-alg · Mathematics 2009-10-30 Jan F. van Diejen

Let $p$ be an odd prime. In the paper, by using the properties of Legendre polynomials we prove some congruences for $\sum_{k=0}^{\frac{p-1}2}\binom{2k}k^2m^{-k}\mod {p^2}$. In particular, we confirm several conjectures of Z.W. Sun. We also…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2010-12-20 Zhi-Hong Sun