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We introduce and study the dominated edge coloring of a graph. A dominated edge coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper edge coloring of $G$ such that each color class is dominated by at least one edge of $G$. The minimum number of colors among…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-24 Mohammad R. Piri , Saeid Alikhani

A graph is said to be \emph{total-colored} if all the edges and the vertices of the graph are colored. A total-colored graph is \emph{total-rainbow connected} if any two vertices of the graph are connected by a path whose edges and internal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-31 Wenjing Li , Xueliang Li , Colton Magnant , Jingshu Zhang

We prove that every (possibly infinite) graph of degree at most $d$ has a 4-dependent random proper $4^{d(d+1)/2}$-coloring, and one can construct it as a finitary factor of iid. For unimodular transitive (or unimodular random) graphs we…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-02-28 Ádám Timár

A strong edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is a coloring of the edges such that every color class induces a matching in $G$. The strong chromatic index of a graph is the minimum number of colors needed in a strong edge-coloring of the graph. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-20 Mingfang Huang , Michael Santana , Gexin Yu

Various results ensure the existence of large complete bipartite graphs in properly colored graphs when some condition related to a topological lower bound on the chromatic number is satisfied. We generalize three theorems of this kind,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-04 Meysam Alishahi , Hossein Hajiabolhassan , Frédéric Meunier

Many variations of the classical graph coloring model have been intensively studied due to their multiple applications; scheduling problems and aircraft assignments, for instance, motivate the robust coloring problem. This model gets to…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Delia Garijo , Alberto Márquez , Rafael Robles

Consider a graph whose vertices are colored in one of two colors, say black or white. A white vertex is called integrated if it has at least as many black neighbors as white neighbors, and similarly for a black vertex. The coloring as a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Charles Burnette , Broden Caton , Olivia Coward , Julian Davis , Austin Teter

A coloring of edges of a graph $G$ is injective if for any two distinct edges $e_1$ and $e_2$, the colors of $e_1$ and $e_2$ are distinct if they are at distance $1$ in $G$ or in a common triangle. Naturally, the injective chromatic index…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-26 Alexandr Kostochka , André Raspaud , Jingwei Xu

We define a $P$-compelling coloring as a proper coloring of the vertices of a graph such that every subset consisting of one vertex of each color has property $P$. The $P$-compelling chromatic number is the minimum number of colors in such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-11 Anna Bachstein , Wayne Goddard , Michael A. Henning , John Xue

An incidence of a graph $G$ is a pair $(u,e)$ where $u$ is a vertex of $G$ and $e$ is an edge of $G$ incident with $u$. Two incidences $(u,e)$ and $(v,f)$ of $G$ are adjacent whenever (i) $u=v$, or (ii) $e=f$, or (iii) $uv=e$ or $uv=f$. An…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-04-18 Sungsik Kang , Boram Park

A $b$-coloring of a graph is a proper coloring such that every color class contains a vertex adjacent to at least one vertex in each of the other color classes. The $b$-chromatic number of a graph $G$, denoted by $b(G)$, is the maximum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-02-19 Amine El Sahili , Mekkia Kouider , Maidoun Mortada

What is the minimum number of edges that have to be added to the random graph $G=G_{n,0.5}$ in order to increase its chromatic number $\chi=\chi(G)$ by one percent ? One possibility is to add all missing edges on a set of $1.01 \chi$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-02-10 N. Alon , B. Sudakov

The vertex coloring problem to find chromatic numbers is known to be unsolvable in polynomial time. Although various algorithms have been proposed to efficiently compute chromatic numbers, they tend to take an enormous amount of time for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-03 Yayoi Abe , Auna Setoh , Gen Yoneda

The bounds on the sum and product of chromatic numbers of a graph and its complement are known as Nordhaus-Gaddum inequalities. In this paper, we study the bounds on the sum and product of the independence numbers of graphs and their line…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-01-30 Susanth C , Sunny Joseph Kalayathankal

In this paper, we study cliques and chromatic number of inhomogenous random graphs where the individual edge probabilities could be arbitrarily low. We use a recursive method to obtain estimates on the maximum clique size under a mild…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-04-18 Ghurumuruhan Ganesan

We improve upper bounds on the chromatic number proven independently in \cite{reedNote} and \cite{ingo}. Our main lemma gives a sufficient condition for two paths in graph to be completely joined. Using this, we prove that if a graph has an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-11-10 Landon Rabern

A dynamic coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper coloring such that for every vertex $v\in V(G)$ of degree at least 2, the neighbors of $v$ receive at least 2 colors. In this paper we present some upper bounds for the dynamic chromatic number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-08-19 Meysam Alishahi

We study the maximization version of the fundamental graph coloring problem. Here the goal is to color the vertices of a k-colorable graph with k colors so that a maximum fraction of edges are properly colored (i.e. their endpoints receive…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-05-14 Venkatesan Guruswami , Ali Kemal Sinop

An incidence of a graph $G$ is a pair $(v,e)$ where $v$ is a vertex of $G$ and $e$ an edge incident to $v$. Two incidences $(v,e)$ and $(w,f)$ are adjacent whenever $v = w$, or $e = f$, or $vw = e$ or $f$. The incidence coloring game [S.D.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-06-04 Clément Charpentier , Eric Sopena

We give a short proof of the following theorem due to Jon H. Folkman (1969): The chromatic number of any graph is at most $2$ plus the maximum over all subgraphs of the difference between half the number of vertices and the independence…