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Using a world-sheet covariant formalism, we derive the equations of motion for second order perturbations of a generic macroscopic string, thus generalizing previous results for first order perturbations. We give the explicit results for…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 A. L. Larsen , A. Nicolaidis

Except for the presence of gravitational wave source term, the relativistic perturbation equations of a zero-pressure irrotational fluid in a flat Friedmann world model coincide exactly with the Newtonian ones to the second order in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 J. Hwang , H. Noh

We numerically solve the Klein-Gordon equation at second order in cosmological perturbation theory in closed form for a single scalar field, describing the method employed in detail. We use the slow-roll version of the second order source…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-18 Ian Huston , Karim A. Malik

It is shown that a first-order relativistic perturbation theory for the open, flat or closed Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker universe admits one, and only one, gauge-invariant quantity which describes the perturbation to the energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-03-25 P. G. Miedema

We present a new approach to cosmological perturbations based on the theory of Lie groups and their representations. After re-deriving the standard covariant formalism from SO(3) considerations, we provide a new expansion of the perturbed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-12-19 István Szapudi , Viktor G. Czinner

In general relativity, it has been shown that the effective gravitational stress-energy tensor for short-wavelength metric perturbations acts just like that for a radiation fluid, and thus, in particular, cannot provide any effects that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-06-21 Keiki Saito , Akihiro Ishibashi

In the context of f(R) theories of gravity, we study the cosmological evolution of scalar perturbations by using a completely general procedure. We find that the exact fourth-order differential equation for the matter density perturbations…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 A. de la Cruz-Dombriz , A. Dobado , A. L. Maroto

We extend the fully non-linear and exact cosmological perturbation equations in a Friedmann background universe to include the background curvature. The perturbation equations are presented in a gauge ready form, so any temporal gauge…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Hyerim Noh

We consider in detail the problem of gauge dependence that exists in relativistic perturbation theory, going beyond the linear approximation and treating second and higher order perturbations. We first derive some mathematical results…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Marco Bruni , Sabino Matarrese , Silvia Mollerach , Sebastiano Sonego

We present the generalization of previously published results, about the perturbed redshift and the luminosity-redshift relation up to second order in perturbation theory, for the case of the Poisson gauge and in the presence of anisotropic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Giovanni Marozzi

The Eulerian and Lagrangian second-order perturbation theories are solved explicitly in closed forms in $\Omega \neq 1$ and $\Lambda \neq 0$ {}Friedmann-Lema\^{\i}tre models. I explicitly write the second-order theories in terms of closed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Takahiko Matsubara

In this paper we consider second order perturbations of a flat Friedmann-Lema\^{i}tre universe whose stress-energy content is a single minimally coupled scalar field with an arbitrary potential. We derive the general solution of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-06-19 Claes Uggla , John Wainwright

The relationship between the metric and nonrelativistic matter distribution depends on the theory of gravity and additional fields, providing a possible way of distinguishing competing theories. With the assumption that the geometry and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-10-28 Mustafa A. Amin , Robert V. Wagoner , Roger D. Blandford

This paper deals with the time evolution in the matter era of perturbations in Friedman-Lemaitre models with arbitrary density parameter $\Omega$, with either a zero cosmological constant, $\Lambda = 0$, or with a non-zero cosmological…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-23 F. R. Bouchet , S. Colombi , E. Hivon , R. Juszkiewicz

This thesis investigates in the time domain a particular class of second order perturbations of a perfect fluid non-rotating compact star: those arising from the coupling between first order radial and non-radial perturbations. This problem…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Andrea Passamonti

We consider a new variant of cosmological perturbation theory that has been designed specifically to include non-linear density contrasts on scales 100 Mpc, while still allowing for linear fluctuations on larger scales. This theory is used…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-04-08 Christopher S. Gallagher , Timothy Clifton

We derived the second-order perturbations of the Einstein equations and the Klein-Gordon equation for a generic situation in terms of gauge-invariant variables. The consistency of all the equations is confirmed. This confirmation implies…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-01-26 Kouji Nakamura

In this paper, we present the cosmological perturbation formalism for theories within the framework of affine gravity. These theories are distinguished by their connection, devoid of any metric. Our approach involves segregating…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-17 Oscar Castillo-Felisola , Radouane Gannouji , Manuel Morocho-López , Marcelo Rozas-Rojas

In this letter we review the separate universe approach for cosmological perturbations and point out that it is essentially the lowest order approximation to a gradient expansion. Using this approach, one can study the nonlinear evolution…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 G. I. Rigopoulos , E. P. S. Shellard

We derive the basic equations of the cosmological first-order post-Newtonian approximation from the recently formulated fully nonlinear and exact cosmological perturbation theory in Einstein's gravity. Apparently the latter, being exact,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Hyerim Noh , Jai-chan Hwang