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We prove two results on the algebraic dynamics of billiards in generic algebraic curves of degree $d \geq 2$. First, the dynamical degree grows quadratically in $d$; second, the set of complex periodic points has measure 0, implying the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-11-05 Max Weinreich

We offer some theorems, mainly of finiteness, for certain patterns in elliptical billiards, related to periodic trajectories. For instance, if two players hit a ball at a given position and with directions forming a fixed angle in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Pietro Corvaja , Umberto Zannier

We prove some recent experimental observations of D. Reznik concerning periodic billiard orbits in ellipses. For example, the sum of cosines of the angles of a periodic billiard polygon remains constant in the one-parameter family of such…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2020-01-28 Arseniy Akopyan , Richard Schwartz , Serge Tabachnikov

We study the stability of periodic trajectories of planar inverse magnetic billiards, a dynamical system whose trajectories are straight lines inside a connected planar domain $\Omega$ and circular arcs outside $\Omega$. Explicit examples…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-06-11 Sean Gasiorek

Teichm\"uller curves play an important role in the study of dynamics in polygonal billiards. In this article, we provide a criterion similar to the original M\"oller's criterion, to detect whether a complex curve, embedded in the moduli…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-01-08 Elise Goujard

The purpose of this paper is to study the dynamics of a square billiard with a non-standard reflection law such that the angle of reflection of the particle is a linear contraction of the angle of incidence. We present numerical and…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-06-03 Gianluigi Del Magno , João Lopes Dias , Pedro Duarte , José Pedro Gaivão , Diogo Pinheiro

In this paper we show that the billiard ball map of the Liouville billiard tables of classical type on the ellipsoid is non-degenerate at the elliptic fixed point. As a corollary we obtain a spectral rigidity result.

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-01-31 Georgi Popov , Peter Topalov

In this paper we establish a kind of bijection between the orbits of a polygonal outer billiards system and the orbits of a related (and simpler to analyze) system called the pinwheel map. One consequence of the result is that the outer…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2010-04-26 Richard Evan Schwartz

The paper establishes the property of splittability of billiard boundary sequences in n dimensional cube into subsequences of fractional parts. This reveals a new property of integrable and weak perturbated Hamilton systems: under a simple…

chao-dyn · Physics 2016-08-31 A. Yu. Shahverdian

We prove that any sufficiently small perturbation of an isosceles triangle has a periodic billiard path. Our proof involves the analysis of certain infinite families of Fourier series that arise in connection with triangular billiards, and…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-06-05 W. Patrick Hooper , Richard Evan Schwartz

We consider a billiard problem for compact domains bounded by confocal conics on a hyperboloid of one sheet in the Minkowski space. We show that there are two types of confocal families in such setting. Using an algebro-geometric…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-02-03 Sean Gasiorek , Milena Radnovic

In this work we address the question of proving the stability of elliptic 2-periodic orbits for strictly convex billiards. Eventhough it is part of a widely accepted belief that ellipticity implies stability, classical theorems show that…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sylvie Oliffson Kamphorst , Sonia Pinto de Carvalho

A periodic orbit on a frictionless billiard table is a piecewise linear path of a billiard ball that begins and ends at the same point with the same angle of incidence. The period of a primitive periodic orbit is the number of times the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-04-08 Benjamin R. Baer , Faheem Gilani , Zhigang Han , Ronald Umble

This article is concerned with the study of Mather's \beta-function associated to Birkhoff billiards. This function corresponds to the minimal average action of orbits with a prescribed rotation number and, from a different perspective, it…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-09-05 Alfonso Sorrentino

A hard-wall billiard is a mathematical model describing the confinement of a free particle that collides specularly and instantaneously with boundaries and discontinuities. Soft billiards are a generalization that includes a smooth boundary…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-07 A. González-Andrade , H. N. Núñez-Yépez , M. A. Bastarrachea-Magnani

By a classical result of Darboux, a foliation of a Riemannian surface has the Graves property (also known as the strong evolution property) if and only if the foliation comes from a Liouville net. A similar result of Blaschke says that a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-09-20 Alexei Glutsyuk , Ivan Izmestiev , Serge Tabachnikov

We study geometry of confocal quadrics in pseudo-Euclidean spaces of an arbitrary dimension $d$ and any signature, and related billiard dynamics. The goal is to give a complete description of periodic billiard trajectories within…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2013-01-01 Vladimir Dragovic , Milena Radnovic

We study the billiard dynamics in annular tables between two excentric circles. As the center and the radius of the inner circle change, a two parameters map is defined by the first return of trajectories to the obstacle. We obtain an…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-07-24 R. B. Batista , M. J. Dias Carneiro , S. Oliffson Kamphorst

We study a system of an elastic ball moving in the non-relativistic spacetime with a nontrivial causal structure produced by a wormhole-based time machine. For such a system it is possible to formulate a simple model of the so-called…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-01-20 Jindrich Dolansky , Pavel Krtous

In this article, we study polygonal symplectic billiards. We provide new results, some of which are inspired by numerical investigations. In particular, we present several polygons for which all orbits are periodic. We demonstrate their…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-12-20 Peter Albers , Gautam Banhatti , Filip Sadlo , Richard Schwartz , Serge Tabachnikov