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We show that a non-equilibrium diffusive dynamics in a finite-dimensional space takes in the Lagrangian frame of its mean local velocity an equilibrium form with the detailed balance property. This explains the equilibrium nature of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-13 Raphael Chetrite , Krzysztof Gawedzki

In this article one introduces a formalism of classical mechanics where complex Lagrangian functions are admitted. The results include complex versions of the Lagrangian function, of the Euler-Lagrange equation, of the Hamilton principle, a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Sergio Giardino

We consider the Euler equations of incompressible inviscid fluid dynamics. We discuss a variational formulation of the governing equations in Lagrangian coordinates. We compute variational symmetries of the action functional and generate…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-06-21 Ravi Shankar

The Lagrangian formulation of classical mechanics is widely applicable in solving a vast array of physics problems encountered in the undergraduate and graduate physics curriculum. Unfortunately, many treatments of the topic lack…

Classical Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Gerd Wagner , Matthew W. Guthrie

The dynamics of supercooled liquid and glassy systems are usually studied within the Lagrangian representation, in which the positions and velocities of distinguishable interacting particles are followed. Within this representation,…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-09-28 Claudio Chamon , Leticia F. Cugliandolo , Gabriel Fabricius , Jose Luis Iguain , Eric R. Weeks

It is commonly believed as a fundamental principle that energy-momentum conservation of a physical system is the result of space-time symmetry. However, for classical particle-field systems, e.g., charged particles interacting through…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-04-20 Hong Qin , J. W. Burby , Ronald C. Davidson

Background fields of electromagnetic and gravitational type emerge in the low kinetic energy limit of any regular Lagrangian system and, in particular, in the corresponding limit of any spacetime theory in which the free motion of test…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-14 Paolo Maraner

We consider the dynamics of a collection of particles that interact pairwise and are restricted to move along the real line. Moreover, we focus on the situation in which particles undergo perfectly inelastic collisions when they collide.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-02-17 Ryan Hynd

A Lagrangian formulation is constructed for particle interpretations of quantum mechanics, a well-known example of such an interpretation being the Bohm model. The advantages of such a description are that the equations for particle motion,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-03 Roderick Sutherland

By one of the most fundamental principles in physics, a dynamical system will exhibit those motions which extremise an action functional. This leads to the formation of the Euler-Lagrange equations, which serve as a model of how the system…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yana Lishkova , Paul Scherer , Steffen Ridderbusch , Mateja Jamnik , Pietro Liò , Sina Ober-Blöbaum , Christian Offen

Euler-Lagrange equations and variational integrators are developed for Lagrangian mechanical systems evolving on a product of two-spheres. The geometric structure of a product of two-spheres is carefully considered in order to obtain global…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2007-07-03 Taeyoung Lee , Melvin Leok , N. Harris McClamroch

It is known that some equations of differential geometry are derived from variational principle in form of Euler-Lagrange equations. The equations of geodesic flow in Riemannian geometry is an example. Conversely, having Lagrangian…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ruslan Sharipov

Minimizing the Action integral of a Lagrangian provides the Euler-Lagrange equation of motion in the elegant machinery of Lagrangian Mechanics. However two relations define the divergence of current and energy-momentum, and provide an…

Classical Physics · Physics 2020-04-22 Clinton L Lewis

The analysis of the dynamics of a material point perfectly constrained to a submanifold of the three-dimensional euclidean space and subjected to a locally conservative force's field, namely a force's field corresponding to a closed but not…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-29 Gavriel Segre

A Lagrangian description is presented which can be used in conjunction with particle interpretations of quantum mechanics. A special example of such an interpretation is the well-known Bohm model. The Lagrangian density introduced here also…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-26 Roderick Sutherland

Two-dimensional gas dynamics equations in mass Lagrangian coordinates are studied in this paper. The equations describing these flows are reduced to two Euler-Lagrange equations. Using group classification and Noether's theorem,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-06-26 E. I. Kaptsov , S. V. Meleshko

It is proposed a Lagrangian for the quasi-rigid extended charged particle, which consists of a bare point particle term plus the standard electromagnetic minimal coupling. The quasi-rigid motion is imposed as a constraint. The extension of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Rodrigo Medina

The Euler-Lagrange equations (EL) are very important in the theoretical description of several physical systems. In this work we have used a simplified form of EL to study one-dimensional motions under the action of a constant force. From…

Classical Physics · Physics 2017-08-25 Clenilda F Dias , Vagson L Carvalho-Santos

We investigate a continuum Lagrangian $p$-alignment system given by a nonlocal mean-field system of ordinary differential equations for interacting agents with weak initial data. We first establish global well-posedness of the Lagrangian…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-14 José A. Carrillo , Young-Pil Choi , Eitan Tadmor

Flows of one-dimensional continuum in Lagrangian coordinates are studied in the paper. Equations describing these flows are reduced to a single Euler-Lagrange equation which contains two undefined functions. Particular choices of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-12-12 E. I. Kaptsov , S. V. Meleshko
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