Related papers: A Historical Study on Development of Optometry
Due to the highly inhomogeneous distributions of refractive indexes, light propagation in complex media such as biological tissue experiences multiple light scattering events. The suppression and control of multiple light scattering events…
Vast literature on the experiments and mathematical formulations on the geometric phases signifies the importance of this subject. Physical mechanism for the origin of the geometric phases in optics was suggested in 1992 by the author in…
The progress of optical astronomy in post-apartheid South Africa is discussed. Particular emphasis is given to the socio-political climate which embraced the idea of a 10-m class telescope as a flagship project that would lead to widespread…
The problem of the rate and mechanisms of biological evolution was considered. It was shown that species could not be formed due to undirected mutations in characteristic times of about one million years. A mechanism of deterministic…
I review the early history of photometric redshifts; specify a working definition that encompasses a broader range of approaches than commonly adopted; discuss the pros and cons of template fitting versus empirically-based techniques; and…
Exploring quantum physics in macroscopic systems and manipulating these systems for various technological applications has been a topic of intense research in the last one decade or so. In this regard, the field of cavity quantum…
Geometry is essentially a global language, which is fully understood in different times, countries and cultures. The proof of a geometric theorem (e.g. the Pythagorean Theorem) or a geometric construction (e.g. the construction of an…
This is an expository treatise on the development of the classical geometries, starting from the origins of Euclidean geometry a few centuries BC up to around 1870. At this time classical differential geometry came to an end, and the…
The orienteering problem (OP) is a combinatorial optimization problem that seeks a path visiting a subset of locations to maximize collected rewards under a limited resource budget. This article presents a systematic PRISMA-based review of…
Perceptual geometry refers to the interdisciplinary research whose objectives focuses on study of geometry from the perspective of visual perception, and in turn, applies such geometric findings to the ecological study of vision. Perceptual…
Optofluidics is dedicated to achieving integrated control of particle and fluid motion, particularly on the micrometer scale, by utilizing light to direct fluid flow and particle motion. The field has seen significant growth recently,…
The emerging field of optomechanics seeks to explore the interaction between nanomechanics and light. Recently, the exciting concept of optomechanical crystals has been introduced, where defects in photonic crystal structures are used to…
With the proliferation of inexpensive CMOS cameras, medical imaging experiences a noticeable influx of new technologies. While anatomical imaging is based on well-established principles of photography, physiological optical imaging is a…
Light dragging refers to the change in the path of light passing through a moving medium. This effect enables accurate detection of very slow speeds of light, which have prominent applications in state transfer, quantum gate operations, and…
Whereas the research program of the measurement of scientific communications emerged in a context where the delineations among academia, government, and industry were institutionalized, the systemic development of these relations during the…
The incorporation of structured light techniques into vision science has enabled more selective probes of polarization related entoptic phenomena. Diverse sets of stimuli have become accessible in which the spatially dependant optical…
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is one of the most emerging imaging modalities that has been used widely in the field of biomedical imaging. From its emergence in 1990's, plenty of hardware and software improvements have been made. Its…
What is light and how to describe it has always been a central subject in physics. As our understanding has increased, so have our theories changed: Geometrical optics, wave optics and quantum optics are increasingly sophisticated…
Over the past century, rooted in the theory of general relativity, cosmology has developed a very successful physical model of the universe: the {\em big-bang model}. Its construction followed different stages to incorporate nuclear…
We review the emerging field of optomechanics, where the radiation pressure of light circulating inside an optical cavity is employed to cool, manipulate and read out micro- and nanomechanical oscillators. These systems display a rich…