Related papers: Quantum Simpsons Paradox and High Order Bell-Tsire…
The classical and quantum evolution of a generic probability distribution is analyzed. To that end, a formalism based on the decomposition of the distribution in terms of its statistical moments is used, which makes explicit the differences…
Demonstrations of quantum entanglement which confirm the violation of Bell's inequality indicate that under certain conditions action at a distance is possible. This consequence seems to contradict the relativistic principle of causality,…
Hamilton's method (also called method of largest remainder) is a natural and common method to distribute seats proportionally between states (or parties) in a parliament. In USA it has been abandoned due to some drawbacks, in particular the…
Shortcomings of experimental techniques are usually assumed to diminish nonclassical properties of quantum systems. Here it is demonstrated that this standard assumption is not true in general. It is theoretically shown that the inability…
The entangled quantum states play a key role in quantum information. The association of the quantum state vector with each individual physical system in an attributive way is a source of many false paradoxes and inconsistencies. The…
The ability to identify cause-effect relations is an essential component of the scientific method. The identification of causal relations is generally accomplished through statistical trials where alternative hypotheses are tested against…
Quantum mechanics introduces the possibility for particles to move in a direction opposite to their momentum -- a counter-intuitive and classically impossible phenomenon known as quantum backflow. The magnitude of this effect is relatively…
The idea that the search efficiency can be increased with the help of a number of autonomous agents is often relevant in many situations, which is known among biologists and roboticists as a stigmergy. This is due to the fact that, in any…
In the hidden measurement formalism that we develop in Brussels we explain the quantum structure as due to the presence of two effects, (a) a real change of state of the system under influence of the measurement and, (b) a lack of knowledge…
The belief that numbers offer a single, objective description of reality overlooks a crucial truth: data does not speak for itself. Every dataset results from choices-what to measure, how, when, and with whom-which inevitably reflect…
The Classical Twin Paradox is widely dealt in literature and neatly resolved. In addition, it is also well known that, when looking at two systems which are boosted relative to each other, the concept of the simultaneous effect of a quantum…
Quantum backflow is a counterintuitive phenomenon in which the probability density of a quantum particle propagates opposite to its momentum. Experimental observation of backflow has remained elusive due to two main challenges: (i) the…
In classical physics the joint probability of a number of individually rare independent events is given by the Poisson distribution. It describes, for example, unidirectional transfer of population between the densely and sparsely populated…
In this paper we present quantum-like (QL) representation of the Shafir-Tversky statistical effect. We apply so called contextual approach. The Shafir-Tversky effect is considered as a consequence of combination of a number of incompatible…
Bayesian networks and their accompanying graphical models are widely used for prediction and analysis across many disciplines. We will reformulate these in terms of linear maps. This reformulation will suggest a natural extension, which we…
Realist, no-collapse interpretations of quantum mechanics, such as Everett's, face the probability problem: how to justify the norm-squared (Born) rule from the wavefunction alone. While any basis-independent measure can only be…
The log-transform is a common tool in statistical analysis, reducing the impact of extreme values, compressing the range of reported values for improved visualization, enabling the usage of parametric statistical tests requiring normally…
Common observations of the unpredictability of human behavior and the influence of one question on the answer to another suggest social science experiments are probabilistic and may be mutually incompatible with one another, characteristics…
Consider the following story: A teacher announces to her students a test for the following week, such that the test will be ``surprising''. The students use this as the basis for a ``logical derivation'' and reach a contradiction, which…
Standard quantum physics prevents the existence of a joint statistics for complementary observables. Nevertheless, a joint distribution for complementary observables can be derived from their imperfect simultaneous measurement followed by a…