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Clocks play a special role at the interface of general relativity and quantum mechanics. We analyze a clock-interferometry thought experiment and go on to theoretically derive and experimentally test a complementarity relation for quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 Zhifan Zhou , Yair Margalit , Daniel Rohrlich , Yonathan Japha , Ron Folman

Clock asynchronism is a critical issue in integrating radar sensing into communication networks. It can cause ranging ambiguity and prevent coherent processing of dis-continuous measurements in integration with asynchronous transceivers.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-26 J. Andrew Zhang , Kai Wu , Xiaojing Huang , Y. Jay Guo , Daqing Zhang , Robert W. Heath

An orbiting `photon clock' is proposed to test directly the relativity of simultaneity of special relativity. This is done by comparison of the arrival times at a ground station of three microwave signals transmitted by two satellites…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. H. Field

The general relativistic gravitomagnetic clock effect involves a coupling between the orbital motion of a test particle and the rotation of the central mass and results in a difference in the proper periods of two counter-revolving…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Herbert I. M. Lichtenegger , Lorenzo Iorio , Bahram Mashhoon

Basic for the definition of 'time' are clocks operating under stationary conditions. The periods of two clocks can be compared with each other via two return experiments. The central clock mediates between the rotating and the inertial…

General Physics · Physics 2013-06-25 Richard Lenk

This tutorial, addressing physics teachers and undergraduate students, aims at clarifying some aspects of time in special relativity. In particular, time dilation is usually presented only as the well-known ratio of lab time over proper…

Physics Education · Physics 2023-06-19 Winfried A. Mitaroff

The theory of relativistic {\em location systems} is sketched. An interesting class of these systems is that of relativistic {\em positioning systems,} which consists in sets of four clocks broadcasting their proper time. Among them, the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Bartolomé Coll

The possibility of detecting the gravitomagnetic clock effect using artificial Earth satellites provides the incentive to develop a more intuitive approach to its derivation. We first consider two test electric charges moving on the same…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-05-28 Lorenzo Iorio , Herbert I. M. Lichtenegger , Bahram Mashhoon

It has recently been reported [\textit{PNAS} \textbf{114}, 2303 (2017)] that, under an operational definition of time, quantum clocks would get entangled through gravitational effects. Here we study an alternative scenario: the clocks have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-14 Jieci Wang , Tonghua Liu , Jiliang Jing , Songbai Chen

While adhering to the formalism of Special and General Relativity, this paper considers the interpretation of clock rates and the rating of clocks in detail. We also pay particular attention to the crucial requirement of reciprocity between…

General Physics · Physics 2009-04-21 Barrie Tonkinson

It is argued that the standard quantum mechanical description of the Bell correlations between entangled subsystems is in conflict with relativistic space-time symmetry. Proposals to abandon relativistic symmetry, in the sense of explicitly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael E. Kellman

The successful miniaturisation of extremely accurate atomic clocks and atom interferometers invites prospects for satellite missions to perform precision experiments. We discuss the effects predicted by general relativity and alternative…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-10 Ruxandra Bondarescu , Andreas Schärer , Philippe Jetzer , Raymond Angélil , Prasenjit Saha , Andrew Lundgren

Solving special relativity paradoxes requires rigorous analysis of event timing, due to relative simultaneity in consequence of the Lorentz transformation. Since clock synchronisation is a convention in special theory of relativity, instead…

Classical Physics · Physics 2012-12-04 Jacek Ciborowski , Marta Wlodarczyk

Measuring velocities requires the synchronization of spatially-separated clocks. Because this synchronization must precede the determination of velocities, no system of clock synchronization--such as that based on Einstein's presumption of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 James Carrubba

A protocol for synchronizing distant clocks is proposed that does not rely on the arrival times of the signals which are exchanged, and an optical implementation based on coherent-state pulses is described. This protocol is not limited by…

We present a new visualization of the proper-time elapsed along an observer's worldline. By supplementing worldlines with light clocks, the measurement of space-time intervals is reduced to the "counting of ticks." The resulting space-time…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 Roberto B. Salgado

Time-like and space-like invariant space-time intervals are used to analyse measurements of spatial and temporal distances defined by two spatially-separated clocks. The time dilatation effect is confirmed, but not `relativity of…

General Physics · Physics 2009-09-01 J. H. Field

We present an algorithm to detect the time and frequency difference of independent clocks based on observation of time-correlated photon pairs. This enables remote coincidence identification in entanglement-based quantum key distribution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-05-17 Caleb Ho , Antia Lamas-Linares , Christian Kurtsiefer

Mass redistribution on Earth due to dynamic processes such as ice melting and sea level rise leads to a changing gravitational field, observable by geodetic techniques. Monitoring this change over time allows us to learn more about our…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-13 Eva Hackmann , Moritz Huckfeldt , Claus Lämmerzahl , Dennis Philipp , Benny Rievers

The conflict between quantum theory and the theory of relativity is exemplified in their treatment of time. We examine the ways in which their conceptions differ, and describe a semiclassical clock model combining elements of both theories.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-23 Maximilian P. E. Lock , Ivette Fuentes