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Related papers: AD in Fortran, Part 1: Design

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Automatic differentiation is a set of techniques to efficiently and accurately compute the derivative of a function represented by a computer program. Existing C++ libraries for automatic differentiation (e.g. Adept, Stan Math Library),…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2021-02-09 James Yang

This article provides an overview of some of the mathematical principles of Automatic Differentiation (AD). In particular, we summarise different descriptions of the Forward Mode of AD, like the matrix-vector product based approach, the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-07-07 Philipp H. W. Hoffmann

We introduce Combinatory Homomorphic Automatic Differentiation (CHAD), a principled, pure, provably correct define-then-run method for performing forward- and reverse-mode automatic differentiation (AD) on programming languages with…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Matthijs Vákár , Tom Smeding

Where dual-numbers forward-mode automatic differentiation (AD) pairs each scalar value with its tangent value, dual-numbers reverse-mode AD attempts to achieve reverse AD using a similarly simple idea: by pairing each scalar value with a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Tom Smeding , Matthijs Vákár

This paper presents a novel optimization for differentiable programming named coarsening optimization. It offers a systematic way to synergize symbolic differentiation and algorithmic differentiation (AD). Through it, the granularity of the…

We apply program verification technology to the problem of specifying and verifying automatic differentiation (AD) algorithms. We focus on define-by-run, a style of AD where the program that must be differentiated is executed and monitored…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Paulo Emílio de Vilhena , François Pottier

We present semantic correctness proofs of automatic differentiation (AD). We consider a forward-mode AD method on a higher-order language with algebraic data types and we characterise it as the unique structure-preserving macro given a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Mathieu Huot , Sam Staton , Matthijs Vákár

Algorithmic Differentiation (AD) can be used to automate the generation of derivatives in arbitrary software projects. This will generate maintainable derivatives, that are always consistent with the computation of the software. If a domain…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2018-03-13 Max Sagebaum , Nicolas R. Gauger

DiffSharp is an algorithmic differentiation or automatic differentiation (AD) library for the .NET ecosystem, which is targeted by the C# and F# languages, among others. The library has been designed with machine learning applications in…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2016-11-11 Atılım Güneş Baydin , Barak A. Pearlmutter , Jeffrey Mark Siskind

Automatic differentiation (AD), a technique for constructing new programs which compute the derivative of an original program, has become ubiquitous throughout scientific computing and deep learning due to the improved performance afforded…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Gaurav Arya , Moritz Schauer , Frank Schäfer , Chris Rackauckas

We show how to define forward- and reverse-mode automatic differentiation source-code transformations or on a standard higher-order functional language. The transformations generate purely functional code, and they are principled in the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Matthijs Vákár

Automatic differentiation (AD) has been a topic of interest for researchers in many disciplines, with increased popularity since its application to machine learning and neural networks. Although many researchers appreciate and know how to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Birthe van den Berg , Tom Schrijvers , James McKinna , Alexander Vandenbroucke

Machine learning and neural network models in particular have been improving the state of the art performance on many artificial intelligence related tasks. Neural network models are typically implemented using frameworks that perform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Davan Harrison

Where dual-numbers forward-mode automatic differentiation (AD) pairs each scalar value with its tangent derivative, dual-numbers /reverse-mode/ AD attempts to achieve reverse AD using a similarly simple idea: by pairing each scalar value…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Tom Smeding , Matthijs Vákár

The successes of deep learning, variational inference, and many other fields have been aided by specialized implementations of reverse-mode automatic differentiation (AD) to compute gradients of mega-dimensional objectives. The AD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Deniz Oktay , Nick McGreivy , Joshua Aduol , Alex Beatson , Ryan P. Adams

This article aims to demonstrate and discuss the applications of automatic differentiation (AD) for finding derivatives in PDE-constrained optimization problems and Jacobians in non-linear finite element analysis. The main idea is to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-03 Julian Andrej , Tzanio Kolev , Boyan Lazarov

Automatic generation of convex relaxations and subgradients is critical in global optimization, and is typically carried out using variants of automatic/algorithmic differentiation (AD). At previous AD conferences, variants of the forward…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-31 Yingkai Song , Kamil A. Khan

Algorithmic differentiation (AD) has become increasingly capable and straightforward to use. However, AD is inefficient when applied directly to solvers, a feature of most engineering analyses. We can leverage implicit differentiation to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-28 Andrew Ning , Taylor McDonnell

An activation function is an element-wise mathematical function and plays a crucial role in deep neural networks (DNN). Many novel and sophisticated activation functions have been proposed to improve the DNN accuracy but also consume…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Cong Guo , Yuxian Qiu , Jingwen Leng , Chen Zhang , Ying Cao , Quanlu Zhang , Yunxin Liu , Fan Yang , Minyi Guo

We show how the basic Combinatory Homomorphic Automatic Differentiation (CHAD) algorithm can be optimised, using well-known methods, to yield a simple, composable, and generally applicable reverse-mode automatic differentiation (AD)…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Tom Smeding , Matthijs Vákár