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A version of Noether's second theorem using Lagrange multipliers is used to investigate fluid relabelling symmetries conservation laws in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). We obtain a new generalized potential vorticity type conservation equation…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-02-20 G. M. Webb , R. L. Mace

In this paper, we present a Lagrangian formalism for nonequilibrium thermodynamics. This formalism is an extension of the Hamilton principle in classical mechanics that allows the inclusion of irreversible phenomena in both discrete and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-10-06 François Gay-Balmaz , Hiroaki Yoshimura

Noether's Theorem is familiar to most physicists due its fundamental role in linking the existence of conservation laws to the underlying symmetries of a physical system. Typically the systems are described in the particle-based context of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-05-04 Sophie Hermann , Matthias Schmidt

In the Lagrangian framework for symmetries and conservation laws of field theories, we investigate globality properties of conserved currents associated with non-global Lagrangians admitting global Euler--Lagrange morphisms. Our approach is…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Borowiec , M. Ferraris , M. Francaviglia , M. Palese

The ``standard'' expressions for total energy, linear momentum and also angular momentum of asymptotically flat Bondi metrics at null infinity are also obtained from differential conservation laws on asymptotically flat backgrounds, derived…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Joseph Katz , Dorit Lerer

It is well-known that all 2d models of gravity---including theories with nonvanishing torsion and dilaton theories---can be solved exactly, if matter interactions are absent. An absolutely (in space and time) conserved quantity determines…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-08-25 W. Kummer , G. Tieber

We develop an existence, regularity and potential theory for nonlinear integrodifferential equations involving measure data. The nonlocal elliptic operators considered are possibly degenerate and cover the case of the fractional…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-05-20 Tuomo Kuusi , Giuseppe Mingione , Yannick Sire

Using a manifestly invariant Lagrangian density based on Clebsch fields and suitable for geophysical fluid dynamics, the conservation of mass, entropy, momentum and energy, and the associated symmetries are investigated. In contrast, it is…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-11-10 Martin Charron , Ayrton Zadra

We consider the problem of a conditional extremum of an action in a class of fields constrained by differential equations. For this setup, we propose an extension of Noether's first theorem to connect the symmetries of the action and the…

General Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 S. L. Lyakhovich , S. B. Sayapin , I. A. Zubareva

The universal principle obtained by Emmy Noether in 1918, asserts that the invariance of a variational problem with respect to a one-parameter family of symmetry transformations implies the existence of a conserved quantity along the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2023-06-06 Delfim F. M. Torres

The construction of fractional derivatives with the right properties for use in field theory is reputed to be a difficult task, essentially because of the absence of a unique definition and uniform properties. The conformable fractional…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-04-30 Jean-Paul Anagonou , Vincent Lahoche , Dine Ousmane Samary

We present the Lagrangian whose corresponding action is the trace K action for General Relativity. Although this Lagrangian is second order in the derivatives, it has no second order time derivatives and its behaviour at space infinity in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 J. M. Pons

We obtain a covariant decomposition of the motion of a relativistic charged particle into parallel motion and perpendicular gyration, and transform to guiding-center coordinates using Lie transforms. The natural guiding-center Poisson…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Bruce M. Boghosian

We analyse the conservation laws in the gauge gravity theory which are derived for the general class of gravitational models with the action invariant under the local Poincare and the diffeomorphism group. The consistent Noether-Lagrange…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-09 Yuri N. Obukhov

We derive the Noether identities and the conservation laws for general gravitational models with arbitrarily interacting matter and gravitational fields. These conservation laws are used for the construction of the covariant equations of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-09-22 Yuri N. Obukhov , Dirk Puetzfeld

By refining the method proposed in arXiv:2010.07660, entropy current and entropy density for a relativistic hydrostatic equilibrium system with spherical symmetry are constructed as a non-Noether conserved charge in the Einstein gravity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-12 Shuichi Yokoyama

The action principle by Low [Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 248, 282--287] for the classic Vlasov-Maxwell system contains a mix of Eulerian and Lagrangian variables. This renders the Noether analysis of reparametrization symmetries inconvenient,…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2020-04-30 Eero Hirvijoki , Joshua W. Burby , David Pfefferlé , Alain J. Brizard

In this article we build a null-Lagrangian and a calibration for general nonlocal elliptic functionals in the presence of a field of extremals. Thus, our construction assumes the existence of a family of solutions to the Euler-Lagrange…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-05-28 Xavier Cabre , Iñigo U. Erneta , Juan-Carlos Felipe-Navarro

In a series of previous articles by the author, it was shown that one could effectively give a variational formulation to non-conservative mechanical systems, as well as ones that subject to non-holonomic constraints by starting with the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-09-05 D. H. Delphenich

In recent works, the authors considered various Lagrangians, which are invariant under a Lie group action, in the case where the independent variables are themselves invariant. Using a moving frame for the Lie group action, they showed how…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2017-03-06 Tânia M. N. Gonçalves , Elizabeth L. Mansfield