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Real complex systems are not rigidly structured; no clear rules or blueprints exist for their construction. Yet, amidst their apparent randomness, complex structural properties universally emerge. We propose that an important class of…

The most widely used techniques for community detection in networks, including methods based on modularity, statistical inference, and information theoretic arguments, all work by optimizing objective functions that measure the quality of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Maria A. Riolo , M. E. J. Newman

Common experience suggests that many networks might possess community structure - division of vertices into groups, with a higher density of edges within groups than between them. Here we describe a new computer algorithm that detects…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-24 M. E. J. Newman , M. Girvan

Nodes in real-world networks are repeatedly observed to form dense clusters, often referred to as communities. Methods to detect these groups of nodes usually maximize an objective function, which implicitly contains the definition of a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-09-10 V. A. Traag , R. Aldecoa , J-C. Delvenne

When dealing with evolving or multi-dimensional complex systems, network theory provides with elegant ways of describing their constituting components, through respectively time-varying and multi-layer complex networks. Nevertheless, the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-02-13 Massimiliano Zanin , Ernestina Menasalvas , Xiaoqian Sun , Sebastian Wandelt

Complex network theory aims to model and analyze complex systems that consist of multiple and interdependent components. Among all studies on complex networks, topological structure analysis is of the most fundamental importance, as it…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2010-09-15 Bo Yang , Jiming Liu

We model the robustness against random failure or intentional attack of networks with arbitrary large-scale structure. We construct a block-based model which incorporates --- in a general fashion --- both connectivity and interdependence…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-09-25 Tiago P. Peixoto , Stefan Bornholdt

We investigate the sequence of great earthquakes over the past century. To examine whether the earthquake record includes temporal clustering, we identify aftershocks and remove those from the record. We focus on the recurrence time,…

Geophysics · Physics 2013-07-22 E. Ben-Naim , E. G. Daub , P. A. Johnson

We provide a general model for Brownian motions on metric graphs with interactions. In a general setting, for (sticky) Brownian propagations on edges, our model provides a characterization of lifetimes and holding times on vertices in terms…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-29 Fausto Colantoni , Mirko D'Ovidio , Flavia Tavani

Many real-world social networks constantly change their global properties over time, such as the number of edges, size and density. While temporal and local properties of social networks have been extensively studied, the origin of their…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-11-18 Teruyoshi Kobayashi , Mathieu Génois

Stability is a desirable property of complex ecosystems. If a community of interacting species is at a stable equilibrium point then it is able to withstand small perturbations to component species' abundances without suffering adverse…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-09-13 Francesco Caravelli , Phillip Staniczenko

A complex network approach on a rough fracture is developed. In this manner, some hidden metric spaces (similarity measurements) between apertures profiles are set up and a general evolutionary network in two directions (in parallel and…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2009-05-12 H. O. Ghaffari , M. Sharifzadeh , M. Fall , E. Evgin

We study the evolution of networks when the creation and decay of links are based on the position of nodes in the network measured by their centrality. We show that the same network dynamics arises under various centrality measures, and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-05-29 Michael D. Koenig , Claudio J. Tessone

Understanding the stability of complex communities is a central focus in ecology, many important theoretical advancements have been made to identify drivers of ecological stability. However, previous results often rely on the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-04-04 Shuaiying Wang , Yuguang Yang , Aming Li

Investigating relation between various structural patterns found in real-world networks and stability of underlying systems is crucial to understand importance and evolutionary origin of such patterns. We evolve multiplex networks,…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2017-02-22 Sanjiv K. Dwivedi , Sarika Jalan

We analyse a collection of empirical networks in a wide spectrum of disciplines and show that strong non-normality is ubiquitous in network science. Dynamical processes evolving on non-normal networks exhibit a peculiar behaviour, as…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2018-11-09 Malbor Asllani , Renaud Lambiotte , Timoteo Carletti

Much of the complexity of social, biological, and engineered systems arises from a network of complex interactions connecting many basic components. Network analysis tools have been successful at uncovering latent structure termed…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Xiaodong Xin , Kun He , Jialu Bao , Bart Selman , John E. Hopcroft

Social interactions vary in time and appear to be driven by intrinsic mechanisms, which in turn shape the emerging structure of the social network. Large-scale empirical observations of social interaction structure have become possible only…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-12-09 Guillaume Laurent , Jari Saramäki , Márton Karsai

A network is a typical expressive form of representing complex systems in terms of vertices and links, in which the pattern of interactions amongst components of the network is intricate. The network can be static that does not change over…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Hayat Dino Bedru , Shuo Yu , Xinru Xiao , Da Zhang , Liangtian Wan , He Guo , Feng Xia

By analyzing the seismicity in natural time and studying the evolution of the fluctuations of the entropy change of seismicity under time reversal for various scales of different length i (number of events), we can identify the approach of…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-12-30 Panayiotis A. Varotsos , Nicholas V. Sarlis , Toshiyasu Nagao