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Mass and spin of massive black holes (BHs) at the centre of galaxies evolve due to gas accretion and mergers with other BHs. Besides affecting e.g. the evolution of relativistic jets, the BH spin determines the efficiency with which the BH…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-12-14 Luca Sala , Milena Valentini , Veronica Biffi , Klaus Dolag

Gas accretion of embedded stellar-mass black holes\,(sBHs) or stars in the accretion disk of active galactic nuclei\,(AGNs) will modify the mass distribution of these sBHs and stars, which will also affect the migration of the sBHs/stars.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-02-15 Mengye Wang , Yiqiu Ma , Qingwen Wu

Since many or most galaxies have central massive black holes (BHs), mergers of galaxies can form massive binary black holes (BBHs). In this paper, we study the evolution of massive BBHs in realistic galaxy models, using a generalization of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Qingjuan Yu

We analyze the temporal evolution of accretion onto rotating black holes subject to large-scale magnetic torques. Wind torques alone drive a disk towards collapse in a finite time $\sim t_{ff} E_k/E_B$, where $t_{ff}$ is the initial…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Maurice H. P. M. van Putten , Eve C. Ostriker

Accretion in the nuclei of active galaxies may occur chaotically. This can produce accretion discs which are counter-rotating or strongly misaligned with respect to the spin of the central supermassive black hole (SMBH), or the axis of a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-04 Chris Nixon , Andrew King , Daniel Price

Dark matter around black holes can induce drag forces through dynamical friction and accretion, potentially affecting the orbital evolution and gravitational wave emission of binary systems. While dynamical friction from scalar field dark…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-29 Shuo Xin , Elias R. Most

We investigate the impact of radiation pressure on the circumbinary discs surrounding accreting massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) at milli-parsec separations, using 3D hyper-Lagrangian resolution hydrodynamic simulations. The circumbinary…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-18 Fabiola Cocchiararo , Alessia Franchini , Alessandro Lupi , Alberto Sesana

Most galaxies have central massive black holes (BH), and merge with others during their evolution, as strongly suggested by recent observations. Consequently a black hole binary (BHB) emerges. Considering the evolution of the binary when it…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Christian Zier , Peter L. Biermann

Using a one-dimensional height integrated model, we calculate the evolution of an unequal mass binary black hole with a coplanar gas disk that contains a gap due to the presence of the secondary black hole. Viscous evolution of the outer…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-13 P. Chang , L. E. Strubbe , K. Menou , E. Quataert

In this work, we use general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations to explore the effect of spin orientation on the dynamics of gas in the vicinity of merging black holes. We present a suite of eight simulations of unequal-mass,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-09-13 Federico Cattorini , Bruno Giacomazzo , Monica Colpi , Francesco Haardt

Binary black hole (BBH) systems residing in the centers of galaxies evolve within complex astrophysical environments. These environments, comprising dark matter (DM) halos and baryonic accretion disks, can significantly alter the orbital…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-31 Meng Xu , Zhijin Li , Xiao Guo , Yun-Long Zhang

Binary black hole (BBH) evolution in the discs of active galactic nuclei (AGN) is a promising channel for gravitational wave (GW)-driven mergers. It is however unclear whether binaries interacting with the surrounding disc undergo orbital…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-12-04 W. Ishibashi , M. Gröbner

We investigate how AGN disk turbulence affects the orbital dynamics of a stellar-mass black hole (BH) initially located at a migration trap, focusing on the long-term behavior of eccentricity and inclination in the quasi-embedded regime. We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-05 Alessandro Alberto Trani , Pierfrancesco Di Cintio

We study the evolution of disk accretion during the merger of supermassive black hole binaries in galactic nuclei. In hierarchical galaxy formation models, the most common binaries are likely to arise from minor galactic mergers, and have…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-05 Philip J. Armitage , Priyamvada Natarajan

Binaries of supermassive black holes (MBHBs) represent the primary sources of the gravitational wave background (GWB) detectable by Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs). The eccentricity with which binaries form in galactic mergers is the key…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-06 Alessia Gualandris , Justin Read , Federica Fastidio , Julian Chan , Thibaut François , Nader Khonji , Walter Dehnen

Due to the non-axisymmetric potential of the central bar, barred spiral galaxies form, in addition to their characteristic arms and bar, a variety of structures within the thin gas disk, like nuclear rings, inner spirals and dust-lanes.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-06-27 Manuel Jung , Tobias F. Illenseer , Wolfgang J. Duschl

Warped accretion disks have attracted intensive attention because of their critical role on shaping the spin of supermassive massive black holes (SMBHs) through the Bardeen-Petterson effect, a general relativistic effect that leads to final…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-24 Yan-Rong Li , Jian-Min Wang , Cheng Cheng , Jie Qiu

The question whether the interaction of a circumbinary disc with the central binary system leads to shrinking or expansion of the binary orbit has attracted considerable interest as it impacts the evolution of binary black holes and stellar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-20 Anna B. T. Penzlin , Wilhelm Kley , Hugo Audiffren , Christoph M. Schäfer

Supermassive black holes at the centre of galactic nuclei mostly grow in mass through gas accretion over cosmic time. This process also modifies the angular momentum (or spin) of black holes, both in magnitude and in orientation. Despite…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-04-25 Davide Fiacconi , Debora Sijacki , J. E. Pringle

Massive black hole binaries are predicted to form during the hierarchical assembly of cosmic structures and will represent the loudest sources of low-frequency gravitational waves (GWs) detectable by present and forthcoming GW experiments.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-01 Elisa Bortolas , Alessia Franchini , Matteo Bonetti , Alberto Sesana