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We propose a two-stage least squares (2SLS) estimator whose first stage is the equal-weighted average over a complete subset with $k$ instruments among $K$ available, which we call the complete subset averaging (CSA) 2SLS. The approximate…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-02-03 Seojeong Lee , Youngki Shin

This work tackles the problem of uncertainty propagation in two-stage Bayesian models, with a focus on spatial applications. A two-stage modeling framework has the advantage of being more computationally efficient than a fully Bayesian…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-27 Stephen Jun Villejo , Sara Martino , Janine Illian , William Ryan , Finn Lindgren

To estimate the causal effect of an endogenous treatment using clustered data, the canonical two-stage least squares (2sls) estimates a linear regression of the outcome on treatment status using an instrumental variable (IV) and conducts…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-03 Anqi Zhao , Peng Ding , Fan Li

Bayesian synthetic likelihood (BSL) is now an established method for conducting approximate Bayesian inference in models where, due to the intractability of the likelihood function, exact Bayesian approaches are either infeasible or…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-12 David T. Frazier , Christopher Drovandi

Public health data are often spatially dependent, but standard spatial regression methods can suffer from bias and invalid inference when the independent variable is associated with spatially-correlated residuals. This could occur if, for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-10 Nate Wiecha , Jane A. Hoppin , Brian J. Reich

Conformal prediction has emerged as a popular technique for facilitating valid predictive inference across a spectrum of machine learning models, under minimal assumption of exchangeability. Recently, Hoff (2023) showed that full conformal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-24 Pankaj Bhagwat , Linglong Kong , Bei Jiang

Subgroup analysis evaluates treatment effects across multiple sub-populations. When subgroups are defined by latent memberships inferred from imperfect measurements, the analysis typically involves two inter-connected models, a latent class…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-05 Yuanhui Luo , Xinzhou Guo , Yuqi Gu

This paper concerns the estimation of linear panel data models with endogenous regressors and a latent group structure in the coefficients. We consider instrumental variables estimation of the group-specific coefficient vector. We show that…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-05-15 Junho Choi , Ryo Okui

Real-world decision-making problems often involve decision-dependent uncertainty, where the probability distribution of the random vector depends on the model decisions. Few studies focus on two-stage stochastic programs with this type of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Maria Bazotte , Margarida Carvalho , Thibaut Vidal

The availability of data from multiple heterogeneous environments has motivated methods that remain reliable under distributional shifts. When the joint distribution of response and predictors varies across environments, the response may…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-29 Ruqian Zhang , Juan Shen , Yijiao Zhang

This paper addresses the problem of data-driven computation of controllers that are correct by design for safety-critical systems and can provably satisfy (complex) functional requirements. With a focus on continuous-space stochastic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-11 Oliver Schön , Birgit van Huijgevoort , Sofie Haesaert , Sadegh Soudjani

We propose a two-stage penalized least squares method to build large systems of structural equations based on the instrumental variables view of the classical two-stage least squares method. We show that, with large numbers of endogenous…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-31 Chen Chen , Min Ren , Min Zhang , Dabao Zhang

Many empirical applications estimate causal effects of a continuous endogenous variable (treatment) using a binary instrument. Estimation is typically done through linear 2SLS. This approach requires a mean treatment change and causal…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-02-28 Yingying Dong , Ying-Ying Lee

The doubly robust estimator, which models both the propensity score and outcomes, is a popular approach to estimate the average treatment effect in the potential outcome setting. The primary appeal of this estimator is its theoretical…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-11 Kaoru Babasaki , Shonosuke Sugasawa , Kosaku Takanashi , Kenichiro McAlinn

Subclassification estimators are one of the methods used to estimate causal effects of interest using the propensity score. This method is more stable compared to other weighting methods, such as inverse probability weighting estimators, in…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-22 Shunichiro Orihara , Tomotaka Momozaki

We study what two-stage least squares (2SLS) identifies in models with multiple treatments under treatment effect heterogeneity. Two conditions are shown to be necessary and sufficient for the 2SLS to identify positively weighted sums of…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-05-24 Manudeep Bhuller , Henrik Sigstad

We propose a Machine Learning approach for optimal macroeconomic density forecasting in a high-dimensional setting where the underlying model exhibits a known group structure. Our approach is general enough to encompass specific forecasting…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-11-18 Matteo Mogliani , Anna Simoni

The challenges posed by high-dimensional data and use of the simplex constraint are two major concerns in the empirical application of the synthetic control method (SCM) in econometric studies. To address both issues simultaneously, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-02 Yihong Xu , Quan Zhou

We consider estimation and inference in a linear model with endogenous regressors where the parameters of interest change across two samples. If the first-stage is common, we show how to use this information to obtain more efficient…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-06-26 Bertille Antoine , Otilia Boldea , Niccolo Zaccaria

Simultaneous analysis of gene expression data and genetic variants is highly of interest, especially when the number of gene expressions and genetic variants are both greater than the sample size. Association of both causal genes and…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-07 Morteza Amini