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Orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light represents a fundamental optical freedom that can be exploited to manipulate quantum state of atoms. In particular, it can be used to realize spin-orbital-angular-momentum (SOAM) coupling in cold…
For a system at a temperature of absolute zero, all thermal fluctuations are frozen out, while quantum fluctuations prevail. These microscopic quantum fluctuations can induce a macroscopic phase transition in the ground state of a many-body…
An exactly solvable Kitaev model in a two-dimensional square lattice exhibits a topological quantum phase transition which is different from the symmetry-breaking transition at zero temperature. When the ground state of a nonlinearly…
Dynamics of vortex clusters is essential for understanding diverse superfluid phenomena. In this paper, we examine the dynamics of vortex quadrupoles in a trapped two-dimensional (2D) Bose-Einstein condensate. We find that the movement of…
We show that the degeneracy parameter of a trapped Bose gas can be changed adiabatically in a reversible way, both in the Boltzmann regime and in the degenerate Bose regime. We have performed measurements on spin-polarized atomic hydrogen…
A two-component Bose-Einstein condensate confined in an axially-symmetric potential with two local minima, resembling two concentric annular traps, is investigated. The system shows a number of quantum phase transitions that result from the…
We apply transition state theory to coupled Gaussian wave packets and calculate thermal decay rates of Bose-Einstein condensates with additional long-range interaction. The ground state of such a condensate is metastable if the contact…
We show that a hybrid atom-optomechanical quantum many-body system with two internal atom states undergoes both first- and second-order nonequilibrium quantum phase transitions. A nanomembrane is placed in a pumped optical cavity, whose…
Thermalization of radiation by contact to matter is a well-known concept, but the application of thermodynamic methods to complex quantum states of light remains a challenge. Here we observe Bose-Einstein condensation of photons into the…
We outline here how strong light-matter interaction can be used to induce quantum phase transition between normal and topological phases in two-dimensional topological insulators. We consider the case of a HgTe quantum well, in which band…
We examine a Bose-Einstein condensate of atoms that rotates in a quadratic-plus-quartic potential. It is shown that states of different circulation can be metastable. As a result, we demonstrate that the gas can exhibit hysteresis as the…
Robust stimulated Raman exact passages are requisite for controlling nonlinear quantum systems, with the wide applications ranging from ultracold molecules, non-linear optics to superchemistry. Inspired by shortcuts to adiabaticity, we…
We investigate transitions between topologically ordered phases in two spatial dimensions induced by the condensation of a bosonic quasiparticle. To this end, we formulate an extension of the theory of symmetry breaking phase transitions…
The periodic bounce configurations responsible for quantum tunneling are obtained explicitly and are extended to the finite energy case for minisuperspace models of the Universe. As a common feature of the tunneling models at finite energy…
Phase transitions are commonly held to occur only in the thermodynamical limit of large number of system components. Here we exemplify at the hand of the exactly solvable Jaynes-Cummings (JC) model and its generalization to finite…
The many-body state of carriers confined in a quantum dot is controlled by the balance between their kinetic energy and their Coulomb correlation. In coupled quantum dots, both can be tuned by varying the inter-dot tunneling and…
We experimentally demonstrate an alternative method for the dynamic generation of atomic spin squeezing, building on the interplay between linear coupling and nonlinear phase evolution. Since the resulting quantum dynamics can be seen as…
Despite being at the heart of the theory of the "Big Bang" and cosmic inflation, the quantum field theory prediction of false vacuum tunneling has not been tested. To address the exponential complexity of the problem, a table-top quantum…
We consider small systems of bosonic atoms rotating in a toroidal trap. Using the method of exact numerical diagonalization of the many-body Hamiltonian, we examine the transition from the Bose-Einstein condensed state to the…
We investigate the nonlinear light-matter interaction of a Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in an external periodic potential inside an optical cavity which is weakly coupled to vacuum radiation modes and driven by a transverse pump field.…