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Direct Sun light absorption by trace gases can be used to quantify them and investigate atmospheric chemistry. In such experiments, the main optical apparatus is often a grating or a Fourier transform spectrometer. A solar tracker based on…

The Stellar Observations Network Group (SONG) is an international network project aiming to place eight 1-m robotic telescopes around the globe, with the primary objectives of studying stellar oscillations and planets using ultra-precision…

This project is focused on evaluating the slowly-varying ground layer seeing component at the optical telescopes of ARIES. To achieve this, we assembled the instrument, consisting of a filter wheel, a CCD camera, and a tip-tilt enabled…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-22 Purvi Udhwani , Amitesh Omar , Krishna Reddy

The Roman Space Telescope will have the first advanced coronagraph in space, with deformable mirrors for wavefront control, low-order wavefront sensing and maintenance, and a photon-counting detector. It is expected to be able to detect and…

KAGRA is a newly built gravitational-wave telescope, a laser interferometer comprising arms with a length of 3\,km, located in Kamioka, Gifu, Japan. KAGRA was constructed under the ground and it is operated using cryogenic mirrors that help…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-07-06 T. Akutsu , M. Ando , K. Arai , Y. Arai , S. Araki , A. Araya , N. Aritomi , Y. Aso , S. -W. Bae , Y. -B. Bae , L. Baiotti , R. Bajpai , M. A. Barton , K. Cannon , E. Capocasa , M. -L. Chan , C. -S. Chen , K. -H. Chen , Y. -R. Chen , H. -Y. Chu , Y-K. Chu , S. Eguchi , Y. Enomoto , R. Flaminio , Y. Fujii , M. Fukunaga , M. Fukushima , G. -G. Ge , A. Hagiwara , S. Haino , K. Hasegawa , H. Hayakawa , K. Hayama , Y. Himemoto , Y. Hiranuma , N. Hirata , E. Hirose , Z. Hong , B. -H. Hsieh , G. -Z. Huang , P. -W. Huang , Y. -J. Huang , B. Ikenoue , S. Imam , K. Inayoshi , Y. Inoue , K. Ioka , Y. Itoh , K. Izumi , K. Jung , P. Jung , T. Kajita , M. Kamiizumi , N. Kanda , G. -W. Kang , K. Kawaguchi , N. Kawai , T. Kawasaki , C. Kim , J. Kim , W. Kim , Y. -M. Kim , N. Kimura , N. Kita , H. Kitazawa , Y. Kojima , K. Kokeyama , K. Komori , A. K. H. Kong , K. Kotake , C. Kozakai , R. Kozu , R. Kumar , J. Kume , C. -M. Kuo , H. -S. Kuo , S. Kuroyanagi , K. Kusayanagi , K. Kwak , H. -K. Lee , H. -W. Lee , R. -K. Lee , M. Leonardi , C. -Y. Lin , F. -L. Lin , L. C. -C. Lin , G. -C. Liu , L. -W. Luo , M. Marchio , Y. Michimura , N. Mio , O. Miyakawa , A. Miyamoto , Y. Miyazaki , K. Miyo , S. Miyoki , S. Morisaki , Y. Moriwaki , K. Nagano , S. Nagano , K. Nakamura , H. Nakano , M. Nakano , R. Nakashima , T. Narikawa , R. Negishi , W. -T. Ni , A. Nishizawa , Y. Obuchi , W. Ogaki , J. J. Oh , S. -H. Oh , M. Ohashi , N. Ohishi , M. Ohkawa , K. Okutomi , K. Oohara , C. -P. Ooi , S. Oshino , K. -C. Pan , H. -F. Pang , J. Park , F. E. Peña Arellano , I. Pinto , N. Sago , S. Saito , Y. Saito , K. Sakai , Y. Sakai , Y. Sakuno , S. Sato , T. Sato , T. Sawada , T. Sekiguchi , Y. Sekiguchi , S. Shibagaki , R. Shimizu , T. Shimoda , K. Shimode , H. Shinkai , T. Shishido , A. Shoda , K. Somiya , E. J. Son , H. Sotani , R. Sugimoto , T. Suzuki , T. Suzuki , H. Tagoshi , H. Takahashi , R. Takahashi , A. Takamori , S. Takano , H. Takeda , M. Takeda , H. Tanaka , K. Tanaka , K. Tanaka , T. Tanaka , T. Tanaka , S. Tanioka , E. N. Tapia San Martin , S. Telada , T. Tomaru , Y. Tomigami , T. Tomura , F. Travasso , L. Trozzo , T. T. L. Tsang , K. Tsubono , S. Tsuchida , T. Tsuzuki , D. Tuyenbayev , N. Uchikata , T. Uchiyama , A. Ueda , T. Uehara , K. Ueno , G. Ueshima , F. Uraguchi , T. Ushiba , M. H. P. M. van Putten , H. Vocca , J. Wang , C. -M. Wu , H. -C. Wu , S. -R. Wu , W. -R. Xu , T. Yamada , Ka. Yamamoto , Ko. Yamamoto , T. Yamamoto , K. Yokogawa , J. Yokoyama , T. Yokozawa , T. Yoshioka , H. Yuzurihara , S. Zeidler , Y. Zhao , Z. -H. Zhu

Giano is a Cryogenic Spectrograph located in T.N.G. (Spain) and commisioned in 2013. It works in the range 950-2500 nm with a resolving power of 50000. This instrument was designed and built for direct feeding from the telescope [2].…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 A. Tozzi , E. Oliva , L. Origlia , C. Baffa , V. Biliotti , G. Falcini , E. Giani , M. Iuzzolino , F. Massi , N. Sanna , S. Scuderi , M. Sozzi

The detection of the first electromagnetic counterpart to a gravitational-wave signal in August 2017 marked the start of a new era of multi-messenger astrophysics. An unprecedented number of telescopes around the world were involved in…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-16 Martin J Dyer

We describe the MERger-event Gamma-Ray (MERGR) Telescope intended for deployment by ~2021. MERGR will cover from 20 keV to 2 MeV with a wide field of view (6 sr) using nineteen gamma-ray detectors arranged on a section of a sphere. The…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-13 L. J. Mitchell , J. E. Grove , B. F. Phlips , C. C. Cheung , M. Kerr , R. S. Woolf , M. S. Briggs , J. S. Perkins

MAGIC is a system of two Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes located on the Canary island of La Palma, Spain. During summer 2011 and 2012 it underwent a major upgrade. The main subsystems upgraded were the MAGIC-I camera and its…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Julian Sitarek , Emiliano Carmona , Pierre Colin , Daniel Mazin , Diego Tescaro

SOFIA is an airborne, gyroscopically stabilized 2.5m infrared telescope, mounted to a spherical bearing. Unlike its predecessors, SOFIA will work in absolute coordinates, despite its continually changing position and attitude. In order to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-01-05 Michael A. K. Gross , John J. Rasmussen , Elizabeth M. Moore

A small flare ribbon above a sunspot umbra in active region 12205 was observed on November 7, 2014, at 12:00 UT in the blue imaging channel of the 1.5 m GREGOR telescope, using a 1 A Ca II H interference filter. Context observations from…

The Auger project was designed to study the high-energy cosmic rays by measuring the properties of the showers produced in the atmosphere. The Southern Auger Observatory has taken data since January 2004 and is now completed. Results on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-07-08 Giorgio Matthiae

Technical discussions of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) sensitivity often focus on its effective sensitivity to gravitational waves in a given band; nevertheless, the goal of the LIGO Project is to ``do…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Lee Samuel Finn

Fiber-fed spectrographs dedicated to observing massive portions of the sky are increasingly being more demanded within the astronomical community. For all the fiber-fed instruments, the primordial and common problem is the positioning of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Marco Azzaro , Santiago Becerril , Cristian Vilar , Xabier Arrillaga , Justo Sanchez , Isaac Morales , Miguel Angel Carrera , Francisco Prada

We describe the successful design, implementation, and operation of a 12 GHz holography system installed on the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope (GBT). We have used a geostationary satellite beacon to construct high-resolution…

The MAGIC telescopes, located at Observatorio El Roque de los Muchachos (La Palma, Spain) are two Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes observing the Very High Energy (VHE) gamma rays. They are run by an international collaboration composed of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-31 Oscar Blanch , Julian Sitarek

KAGRA is a 3-km interferometric gravitational wave telescope located in the Kamioka mine in Japan. It is the first km-class gravitational wave telescope constructed underground to reduce seismic noise, and the first km-class telescope to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-08-20 KAGRA Collaboration , T. Akutsu , M. Ando , A. Araya , N. Aritomi , H. Asada , Y. Aso , S. Atsuta , K. Awai , M. A. Barton , K. Cannon , K. Craig , W. Creus , K. Doi , K. Eda , Y. Enomoto , R. Flaminio , Y. Fujii , M. -K. Fujimoto , T. Furuhata , S. Haino , K. Hasegawa , K. Hashino , K. Hayama , S. Hirobayashi , E. Hirose , B. H. Hsieh , Y. Inoue , K. Ioka , Y. Itoh , T. Kaji , T. Kajita , M. Kakizaki , M. Kamiizumi , S. Kambara , N. Kanda , S. Kanemura , M. Kaneyama , G. Kang , J. Kasuya , Y. Kataoka , N. Kawai , S. Kawamura , C. Kim , H. Kim , J. Kim , Y. Kim , N. Kimura , T. Kinugawa , S. Kirii , Y. Kitaoka , Y. Kojima , K. Kokeyama , K. Komori , K. Kotake , R. Kumar , H. Lee , H. Lee , Y. Liu , N. Luca , E. Majorana , S. Mano , M. Marchio , T. Matsui , F. Matsushima , Y. Michimura , O. Miyakawa , T. Miyamoto , A. Miyamoto , K. Miyo , S. Miyoki , W. Morii , S. Morisaki , Y. Moriwaki , T. Morozumi , M. Musha , S. Nagano , K. Nagano , K. Nakamura , T. Nakamura , H. Nakano , M. Nakano , K. Nakao , T. Narikawa , L. Nguyen Quynh , W. -T. Ni , T. Ochi , J. Oh , S. Oh , M. Ohashi , N. Ohishi , M. Ohkawa , K. Okutomi , K. Oohara , F. E. Peña Alleano , I. Pinto , N. Sago , M. Saijo , Y. Saito , K. Sakai , Y. Sakai , Y. Sasaki , M. Sasaki , S. Sato , T. Sato , Y. Sekiguchi , N. Seto , M. Shibata , T. Shimoda , H. Shinkai , A. Shoda , K. Somiya , E. Son , A. Suemasa , T. Suzuki , T. Suzuki , H. Tagoshi , H. Takahashi , R. Takahashi , A. Takamori , H. Takeda , H. Tanaka , K. Tanaka , T. Tanaka , D. Tatsumi , T. Tomaru , T. Tomura , F. Travasso , K. Tsubono , S. Tsuchida , N. Uchikata , T. Uchiyama , T. Uehara , S. Ueki , K. Ueno , T. Ushiba , M. H. P. M. van Putten , H. Vocca , S. Wada , T. Wakamatsu , T. Yamada , S. Yamamoto , T. Yamamoto , K. Yamamoto , A. Yamamoto , J. Yokoyama , T. Yokozawa , T. H. Yoon , H. Yuzurihara , S. Zeidler , Z. -H. Zhu

We outline the science case for a 30-40 m optical/infrared telescope in the Northern Hemisphere, optimised for transformative time-domain astronomy in the 2040s. Upcoming multi-wavelength and multi-messenger facilities will reveal fast,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-17 F. Coti Zelati , P. G. Jonker , C. P. Gutiérrez , S. Mattila , D. Pollacco , N. Rea , P. Charalampopoulos , M. A. P. Torres , T. Muñoz Darias , M. C. Baglio , L. Galbany , E. Villaver

The ANTARES Neutrino Telescope was completed in May 2008 and is the first operational Neutrino Telescope in the Mediterranean Sea. The main purpose of the detector is to perform neutrino astronomy and the apparatus also offers facilities…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 ANTARES Collaboration
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