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Accreting black holes are observed to launch relativistic, collimated jets of matter and radiation. In some sources, discrete ejections have been detected with highly relativistic velocities. These particular sources typically have very…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 Ashley L. King , Jon M. Miller , Michael Bietenholz , Kayhan Gultekin , Mark Reynolds , Amy Mioduszewski , Michael Rupen , Norbert Bartel

We investigate how the total radio luminosity of AGN-powered radio sources depends on their accretion luminosity and the central black hole mass. We find that AGNs form two distinct and well separated sequences on the radio-loudness -…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-07-17 L. Stawarz , M. Sikora , J. -P. Lasota

Active galactic nuclei (AGN) with relativistic jets, powered by gas accretion onto their central supermassive black hole (SMBH), are unique laboratories for studying the physics of matter and elementary particles in extreme conditions that…

A review is made of recent magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) theory and simulations of origin of jets from accretion disks. Many compact astrophysical objects emit powerful, highly-collimated, oppositely directed jets. Included are the extra…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. V. E. Lovelace , G. V. Ustyugova , A. V. Koldoba

The UV continuum spectrum of quasars and AGN is assumed to originate from an accreting disk surrounding a massive rotating black hole. We discuss the structure and emission spectra of a disk which drives a powerful jet. Due to the large…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alina-Catalina Donea , Peter L. Biermann

A new scenario is suggested to explain a large diversity of the AGN radio properties and their dependence on the galaxy morphology. The scenario is based on the assumption that the growth of supermassive BHs is dominated by the accretion…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Sikora

Jets provide an important channel for kinetic feedback from accreting black holes into their environment, without which models of the formation of large-scale structure in the universe fail to reproduce the observed properties of galaxies.…

15 years of XMM-Newton observations have established that ultra-fast, highly ionized winds are common in radio-quiet AGN. A simple theory of Eddington-limited accretion correctly predicts the typical velocity (~0.1c) and high ionization of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-05-10 Ken Pounds , Andrew Lobban , Chris Nixon

To investigate the formation mechanism of relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei and micro-quasars, we have developed a new general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic code in Kerr geometry. Here we report on the first numerical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Shinji Koide , David L. Meier , Kazunari Shibata , Takahiro Kudoh

We perform three general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of black hole accretion designed to test how sensitive results are to grid resolution in the jet region. The cases differ only in numerics, modelling the same physical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-09-09 Christopher J. White , Fiona Chrystal

Spinning supermassive black holes (BHs) in active galactic nuclei (AGN) magnetically launch relativistic collimated outflows, or jets. Without angular momentum supply, such jets are thought to perish within $3$ orders of magnitude in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-19 Aretaios Lalakos , Alexander Tchekhovskoy , Omer Bromberg , Ore Gottlieb , Jonatan Jacquemin-Ide , Matthew Liska , Haocheng Zhang

We argue the behavior of Poynting flux-dominated outflows from AGN in the galactic cluster systems by performing three-dimensional MHD simulations within the framework of the "magnetic tower" model. Of particular interests are the structure…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-07-12 Masanori Nakamura , Hui Li , Steven Diehl , Shengtai Li

The last decade has seen tremendous developments in gamma-ray astronomy with the extragalactic sky becoming highly populated by Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs). This brief review highlights some of the progress in AGN research achieved over…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-02-01 Frank M. Rieger

Black hole jets represent one of the most extreme manifestations of astrophysical processes, linking accretion physics, relativistic magnetohydrodynamics, and large-scale feedback in galaxies and clusters. Despite decades of observational…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-12 Andre L. B. Ribeiro , Nathalia M. N. da Rocha

Relativistic jets from black holes can extract energy not only from accretion but also directly from the black hole's spin, as described by the Blandford-Znajek mechanism. A longstanding question is whether magnetic flux can accumulate near…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-27 Antonios Nathanail

Jets are a ubiquitous part of the accretion process, created in AGN, by a coupling between the magnetic field near the central black hole and inflowing material. We point out what advances can be achieved by new technologies, concentrating…

Accreting black holes are sources of major interest in astronomy, particular those launching jets because of their ability to accelerate particles, and dramatically affect their surrounding environment up to very large distances. The…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-12-12 M. Lucchini , C. Ceccobello , S. Markoff , Y. Kini , A. Chhotray , R. M. T. Connors , P. Crumley , H. Falcke , D. Kantzas , D. Maitra

We explore the connection between the black hole mass and its relativistic jet for a sample of radio-loud AGN (z < 1), in which the relativistic jet parameters are well estimated by means of long term monitoring with the 14m Mets\"ahovi…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-24 A. Olguín-Iglesias , J. León-Tavares , V. Chavushyan , E. Valtaoja , C. Añorve , K. Nilsson , J. Kotilainen , M. Tornikoski

The formation of jets in black hole accretion systems is a long-standing problem. It has been proposed that a jet can be formed by extracting the rotation energy of the black hole ("BZ-jet") or the accretion flow ("disk-jet"). While both…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-03-26 Hai Yang , Feng Yuan , Hui Li , Yosuke Mizuno , Fan Guo , Rusen Lu , Luis C. Ho , Xi Lin , Andrzej A. Zdziarski , Jieshuang Wang

(abridged) The connection between black hole, accretion disk, and radio jet can be best constrained by fitting models to observations of nearby low luminosity galactic nuclei, in particular the well studied sources Sgr~A* and M87. There has…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-05-02 Monika Moscibrodzka , Heino Falcke , Hotaka Shiokawa