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Classification performance is often not uniform over the data. Some areas in the input space are easier to classify than others. Features that hold information about the "difficulty" of the data may be non-discriminative and are therefore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-24 Oran Richman , Shie Mannor

The H-measure is a classifier performance measure which takes into account the context of application without requiring a rigid value of relative misclassification costs to be set. Since its introduction in 2009 it has become widely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-03 D. J. Hand , C. Anagnostopoulos

Most binary classifiers work by processing the input to produce a scalar response and comparing it to a threshold value. The various measures of classifier performance assume, explicitly or implicitly, probability distributions $P_s$ and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Luma Omar , Ioannis Ivrissimtzis

While the area under the ROC curve is perhaps the most common measure that is used to rank the relative performance of different binary classifiers, longstanding field folklore has noted that it can be a measure that ill-captures the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Christopher Ratigan , Lenore Cowen

The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve of a binary classifier has often been utilized to measure the performance of the classifier. The area beneath this curve is used in particular because of its quoted probabilistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Steven Redolfi

To evaluate a classification algorithm, it is common practice to plot the ROC curve using test data. However, the inherent randomness in the test data can undermine our confidence in the conclusions drawn from the ROC curve, necessitating…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-22 Zheshi Zheng , Bo Yang , Peter Song

When evaluating medical tests or biomarkers for disease classification, the area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve is a widely used performance metric that does not require us to commit to a specific decision…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-10-21 Wanhua Su , Yan Yuan , Mu Zhu

The ROC curve is widely used to assess binary classifiers. Yet for some applications, such as alert systems for monitoring hospitalized patients, conventional ROC analysis cannot meet two key deployment needs: enforcing a constraint on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Christopher Ratigan , Kyle Heuton , Carissa Wang , Lenore Cowen , Michael C. Hughes

The ROC curve is the major tool for assessing not only the performance but also the fairness properties of a similarity scoring function. In order to draw reliable conclusions based on empirical ROC analysis, accurately evaluating the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Jean-Rémy Conti , Stéphan Clémençon

The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve is a useful tool that measures the discriminating power of a continuous variable or the accuracy of a pharmaceutical or medical test to distinguish between two conditions or classes. In…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-26 Ana M. Bianco , Graciela Boente , Wenceslao Gonzalez-Manteiga

The ROC curve is the gold standard for measuring the performance of a test/scoring statistic regarding its capacity to discriminate between two statistical populations in a wide variety of applications, ranging from anomaly detection in…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-25 Stéphan Clémençon , Myrto Limnios , Nicolas Vayatis

Algorithmic bias continues to be a key concern of learning analytics. We study the statistical properties of the Absolute Between-ROC Area (ABROCA) metric. This fairness measure quantifies group-level differences in classifier performance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-02 Conrad Borchers , Ryan S. Baker

The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and the Area Under the Curve (AUC) of the ROC curve are widely used to compare the performance of diagnostic and prognostic assays. The ROC curve has the advantage that it is independent of…

An ordinal classification problem is one in which the target variable takes values on an ordinal scale. Nowadays, there are many of these problems associated with real-world tasks where it is crucial to accurately classify the extreme…

The Area Under the the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) Curve, referred to as AUC, is a well-known performance measure in the supervised learning domain. Due to its compelling features, it has been employed in a number of studies to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Pablo Andretta Jaskowiak , Ivan Gesteira Costa , Ricardo José Gabrielli Barreto Campello

The rise of smart factories has heightened the demand for automated maintenance, and normal-data-based anomaly detection has proved particularly effective in environments where anomaly data are scarce. This method, which does not require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Wonjun Yi , Yong-Hwa Park , Wonho Jung

Whilst the size and complexity of ML models have rapidly and significantly increased over the past decade, the methods for assessing their performance have not kept pace. In particular, among the many potential performance metrics, the ML…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Michael Roberts , Alon Hazan , Sören Dittmer , James H. F. Rudd , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

We adapt Higher Criticism (HC) to the comparison of two frequency tables which may -- or may not -- exhibit moderate differences between the tables in some unknown, relatively small subset out of a large number of categories. Our analysis…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-29 David L. Donoho , Alon Kipnis

Background: Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves are widely used to evaluate the performance of Software Defect Prediction (SDP) models that estimate module fault-proneness, i.e., the probability that a module is faulty. A ROC…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Luigi Lavazza , Gabriele Rotoloni , Sandro Morasca

The proper use of model evaluation metrics is important for model evaluation and model selection in binary classification tasks. This study investigates how consistent different metrics are at evaluating models across data of different…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-17 Jing Li
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