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Nowadays swarm intelligence-based algorithms are being used widely to optimize the dynamic traveling salesman problem (DTSP). In this paper, we have used mixed method of Ant Colony Optimization (AOC)and gradient descent to optimize DTSP…
The Generalized Traveling Salesman Problem (GTSP) is an extension of the well-known Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), where the node set is partitioned into clusters, and the objective is to find the shortest cycle visiting each cluster…
A well known N P-hard problem called the Generalized Traveling Salesman Problem (GTSP) is considered. In GTSP the nodes of a complete undirected graph are partitioned into clusters. The objective is to find a minimum cost tour passing…
Bat algorithm is a population metaheuristic proposed in 2010 which is based on the echolocation or bio-sonar characteristics of microbats. Since its first implementation, the bat algorithm has been used in a wide range of fields. In this…
This research conducts a comparative analysis of four Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) variants -- Ant System (AS), Rank-Based Ant System (ASRank), Max-Min Ant System (MMAS), and Ant Colony System (ACS) -- for solving the Traveling Salesman…
The nature has inspired several metaheuristics, outstanding among these is Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), which have proved to be very effective and efficient in problems of high complexity (NP-hard) in combinatorial optimization. This…
The paper presents an exponential pheromone deposition approach to improve the performance of classical Ant System algorithm which employs uniform deposition rule. A simplified analysis using differential equations is carried out to study…
Solving large traveling salesman problem (TSP) in an efficient way is a challenging area for the researchers of computer science. This paper presents a modified version of the ant colony system (ACS) algorithm called Red-Black Ant Colony…
The paper presents an exponential pheromone deposition rule to modify the basic ant system algorithm which employs constant deposition rule. A stability analysis using differential equation is carried out to find out the values of…
An artificial Ant Colony System (ACS) algorithm to solve general-purpose combinatorial Optimization Problems (COP) that extends previous AC models [21] by the inclusion of a negative pheromone, is here described. Several Travelling Salesman…
Ant Colony System (ACS) is a distributed (agent- based) algorithm which has been widely studied on the Symmetric Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP). The optimum parameters for this algorithm have to be found by trial and error. We use a…
In an era where sustainability is becoming increasingly crucial, we introduce a new Carbon-Aware Ant Colony System (CAACS) Algorithm that addresses the Generalized Traveling Salesman Problem (GTSP) while minimizing carbon emissions. This…
Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is a metaheuristic for solving difficult discrete optimization problems. This paper presents a deterministic model based on differential equation to analyze the dynamics of basic Ant System algorithm.…
This article analyzes the stochastic runtime of a Cross-Entropy Algorithm on two classes of traveling salesman problems. The algorithm shares main features of the famous Max-Min Ant System with iteration-best reinforcement. For simple…
Using an enhanced Self-Organizing Map method, we provided suboptimal solutions to the Traveling Salesman Problem. Besides, we employed hyperparameter tuning to identify the most critical features in the algorithm. All improvements in the…
Ant Colony Optimisation (ACO) is a well known metaheuristic that has proven successful at solving Travelling Salesman Problems (TSP). However, ACO suffers from two issues; the first is that the technique has significant memory requirements…
Discrete version of state transition algorithm is proposed in order to solve the traveling salesman problem. Three special operators for discrete optimization problem named swap, shift and symmetry transformations are presented. Convergence…
This paper presents a powerful genetic algorithm(GA) to solve the traveling salesman problem (TSP). To construct a powerful GA, I use edge swapping(ES) with a local search procedure to determine good combinations of building blocks of…
The Ant Colony System (ACS) is, next to Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and the MAX-MIN Ant System (MMAS), one of the most efficient metaheuristic algorithms inspired by the behavior of ants. In this article we present three novel parallel…
The Traveling salesman problem (TSP) is proved to be NP-complete in most cases. The genetic algorithm (GA) is one of the most useful algorithms for solving this problem. In this paper a conventional GA is compared with an improved hybrid GA…