Related papers: Topological approach to solve P versus NP
A Pseudo-Boolean (PB) constraint is a linear arithmetic constraint over Boolean variables. PB constraints are convenient and widely used in expressing NP-complete problems. We introduce a new, two step, method for transforming PB…
The relationship between the complexity classes P and NP is an unsolved question in the field of theoretical computer science. In this paper, we look at the link between the P - NP question and the "Deterministic" versus "Non Deterministic"…
A key attribute that drives the unprecedented success of modern Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) on learning tasks which involve sequential data, is their ability to model intricate long-term temporal dependencies. However, a well…
Two theorems about the P versus NP problem be proved in this article (1) There exists a language $L$, that the statement $L \in \textbf{P}$ is independent of ZFC. (2) There exists a language $L \in \textbf{NP}$, for any polynomial time…
The expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) has raised concerns about transparency, accountability, and interpretability, with counterfactual reasoning emerging as a key approach to addressing these issues. However, current mathematical,…
We introduce two novel concepts, topological difference and topological correlation, that offer a new perspective on the discriminative power of multiparameter persistence. The former quantifies the discrepancy between multiparameter and…
For a complexity class $C$ and language $L$, a constructive separation of $L \notin C$ gives an efficient algorithm (also called a refuter) to find counterexamples (bad inputs) for every $C$-algorithm attempting to decide $L$. We study the…
This paper discusses why P and NP are likely to be different. It analyses the essence of the concepts and points out that P and NP might be diverse by sheer definition. It also speculates that P and NP may be unequal due to natural laws.
A Conditional Tree Pattern (CTP) expands an XML tree pattern with labels attached to the descendant edges. These labels can be XML element names or Boolean CTPs. The meaning of a descendant edge labelled by A and ending in a node labelled…
Exactly solving first-order constraints (i.e., first-order formulas over a certain predefined structure) can be a very hard, or even undecidable problem. In continuous structures like the real numbers it is promising to compute approximate…
This article provide new approach to solve P vs NP problem by using cardinality of bases function. About NP-Complete problems, we can divide to infinite disjunction of P-Complete problems. These P-Complete problems are independent of each…
The class of problems complete for NP via first-order reductions is known to be characterized by existential second-order sentences of a fixed form. All such sentences are built around the so-called generalized IS-form of the sentence that…
The present work proves that P=NP. The proof, presented in this work, is a constructive one: the program of a polynomial time deterministic multi-tape Turing machine M_ExistsAcceptingPath, that determines if there exists an accepting…
In this study, we introduce Convolutional Transformer Neural Collaborative Filtering (CTNCF), a novel approach aimed at enhancing recommendation systems by effectively capturing high-order structural information in user-item interactions.…
Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown great promise in learning node embeddings for link prediction (LP). While numerous studies aim to improve the overall LP performance of GNNs, none have explored its varying performance across…
In this paper two related simplification problems for systems of linear inequalities describing precedence relation systems are considered. Given a precedence relation system, the first problem seeks a minimum subset of the precedence…
Recent results show that a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) defined over rational numbers with their natural ordering has a solution if and only if it has a definable solution. The proof uses advanced results from topology and modern…
The maintenance of cooperation in the presence of spatial restrictions has been studied extensively. It is well-established that the underlying graph topology can significantly influence the outcome of games on graphs. Maintenance of…
We consider the regular balanced model of formula generation in conjunctive normal form (CNF) introduced by Boufkhad, Dubois, Interian, and Selman. We say that a formula is $p$-satisfying if there is a truth assignment satisfying…
The P versus NP problem asks whether every language verifiable in polynomial time can also be decided in deterministic polynomial time. In this paper, we present a constructive proof that P = NP by introducing a universal, graph-based…