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Large language models (LLMs) often encode word-form variation (e.g., walk vs. walked) as linear directions in the embedding space. However, standard tokenization algorithms treat such variants as distinct words with different vocabulary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yuval Reif , Guy Kaplan , Roy Schwartz

Zero-resource word segmentation and clustering systems aim to tokenise speech into word-like units without access to text labels. Despite progress, the induced lexicons are still far from perfect. In an idealised setting with gold word…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-28 Danel Slabbert , Simon Malan , Herman Kamper

Acoustic word embeddings are fixed-dimensional representations of variable-length speech segments. In settings where unlabelled speech is the only available resource, such embeddings can be used in "zero-resource" speech search, indexing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Herman Kamper , Yevgen Matusevych , Sharon Goldwater

A prototype system for the transliteration of diacritics-less Arabic manuscripts at the sub-word or part of Arabic word (PAW) level is developed. The system is able to read sub-words of the input manuscript using a set of skeleton-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-06-27 Reza Farrahi Moghaddam , Mohamed Cheriet , Thomas Milo , Robert Wisnovsky

Aspect Based Sentiment Analysis is a dominant research area with potential applications in social media analytics, business, finance, and health. Prior works in this area are primarily based on supervised methods, with a few techniques…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Sabyasachi Kamila , Walid Magdy , Sourav Dutta , MingXue Wang

There has recently been much interest in extending vector-based word representations to multiple languages, such that words can be compared across languages. In this paper, we shift the focus from words to documents and introduce a method…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Martin Josifoski , Ivan S. Paskov , Hristo S. Paskov , Martin Jaggi , Robert West

In this article we focus firstly on the principle of pedagogical indexing and characteristics of Arabic language and secondly on the possibility of adapting the standard for describing learning resources used (the LOM and its Application…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2012-08-02 Asma Boudhief , Mohsen Maraoui , Mounir Zrigui

This paper presents a novel approach to the acquisition of language models from corpora. The framework builds on Cobweb, an early system for constructing taxonomic hierarchies of probabilistic concepts that used a tabular, attribute-value…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Christopher J. MacLellan , Peter Matsakis , Pat Langley

Multilingual transformer language models have recently attracted much attention from researchers and are used in cross-lingual transfer learning for many NLP tasks such as text classification and named entity recognition. However, similar…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Sudhanshu Ranjan , Dheeraj Mekala , Jingbo Shang

We propose a new approach for learning contextualised cross-lingual word embeddings based on a small parallel corpus (e.g. a few hundred sentence pairs). Our method obtains word embeddings via an LSTM encoder-decoder model that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Takashi Wada , Tomoharu Iwata , Yuji Matsumoto , Timothy Baldwin , Jey Han Lau

Training data for text classification is often limited in practice, especially for applications with many output classes or involving many related classification problems. This means classifiers must generalize from limited evidence, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Abhijit Mahabal , Jason Baldridge , Burcu Karagol Ayan , Vincent Perot , Dan Roth

Acoustic word embedding models map variable duration speech segments to fixed dimensional vectors, enabling efficient speech search and discovery. Previous work explored how embeddings can be obtained in zero-resource settings where no…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Christiaan Jacobs , Herman Kamper

In this work, we explore the novel idea of employing dependency parsing information in the context of few-shot learning, the task of learning the meaning of a rare word based on a limited amount of context sentences. Firstly, we use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Stefania Preda , Guy Emerson

Low-resource language varieties used by specific groups remain neglected in the development of Multilingual Language Models. A great deal of cross-lingual research focuses on inter-lingual language transfer which strives to align allied…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Jinju Kim , Haeji Jung , Youjeong Roh , Jong Hwan Ko , David R. Mortensen

We propose a novel language-independent approach for improving machine translation for resource-poor languages by exploiting their similarity to resource-rich ones. More precisely, we improve the translation from a resource-poor source…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-01-28 Preslav Ivanov Nakov , Hwee Tou Ng

For languages with no annotated resources, transferring knowledge from rich-resource languages is an effective solution for named entity recognition (NER). While all existing methods directly transfer from source-learned model to a target…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Qianhui Wu , Zijia Lin , Guoxin Wang , Hui Chen , Börje F. Karlsson , Biqing Huang , Chin-Yew Lin

Developing speech technologies for low-resource languages has become a very active research field over the last decade. Among others, Bayesian models have shown some promising results on artificial examples but still lack of in situ…

Cross-lingual word embeddings aim to bridge the gap between high-resource and low-resource languages by allowing to learn multilingual word representations even without using any direct bilingual signal. The lion's share of the methods are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-03 Magdalena Biesialska , Marta R. Costa-jussà

We describe a cross-lingual transfer method for dependency parsing that takes into account the problem of word order differences between source and target languages. Our model only relies on the Bible, a considerably smaller parallel data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-15 Mohammad Sadegh Rasooli , Michael Collins

Given multiple source word embeddings learnt using diverse algorithms and lexical resources, meta word embedding learning methods attempt to learn more accurate and wide-coverage word embeddings. Prior work on meta-embedding has repeatedly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Danushka Bollegala