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The solar corona is much hotter than the photosphere and chromosphere, but the physical mechanism responsible for heating the coronal plasma remains unidentified yet. The thermal microwave emission, which is produced in strong magnetic…
Despite decades of studying the Sun, the coronal heating problem remains unsolved. One fundamental issue is that we do not know the spatial scale of the coronal heating mechanism. At a spatial resolution of 1000 km or more it is likely that…
Solar flares signify the sudden release of magnetic energy and are sources of so called space weather. The fine structures (below 500 km) of flares are rarely observed and are accessible to only a few instruments world-wide. Here we present…
Coronal loops generally trace magnetic lines of force in the upper solar atmosphere. Understanding the loop morphology and its temporal evolution has implications for coronal heating models that rely on plasma heating due to reconnection at…
A recent analysis has suggested that the heating of plasma loops in the solar corona depends not just on the Poynting flux but also on processes yet to be identified. This discovery reflects and refines earlier questions such as, why and…
We have numerically demonstrated that simulated cool star coronae naturally form condensations. If the star rotates slowly, with a co-rotation radius greater than the Alfv\'{e}n radius (i.e. $R_{\mathrm{K}} > R_{\mathrm{A}}$), these…
Transverse MHD waves permeate the solar atmosphere and are a candidate for coronal heating. However, the origin of these waves is still unclear. In this work, we analyse coordinated observations from \textit{Hinode}/SOT and \textit{IRIS} of…
We report on the properties of coronal loop foot-point heating with observations at the highest resolution, from the CRisp Imaging Spectro-Polarimeter (CRISP) located at the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope (SST) and co-aligned NASA Solar…
Coronal seismology is extensively used to estimate properties of the corona, e.g. the coronal magnetic field strength are derived from oscillations observed in coronal loops. We present a three-dimensional coronal simulation including a…
The high densities, long lifetimes, and narrow emission measure distributions observed in coronal loops with apex temperatures near 1 MK are difficult to reconcile with physical models of the solar atmosphere. It has been proposed that the…
The effect of temperature inhomogeneity on the periods, their ratios (fundamental vs. first overtone), and the damping times of the standing slow modes in gravitationally stratified solar coronal loops are studied. The effects of optically…
The Sun's corona is millions of degrees hotter than its 5,000 K photosphere. This heating enigma is typically addressed by invoking the deposition at coronal heights of non-thermal energy generated by the interplay between convection and…
We investigate the thermal properties of a solar flare by the observations of soft X-ray Telescope (XRT) on board Hinode and the Atmospheric Image Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO/AIA). Our analysis reveals a tenuous…
The heating of solar coronal loops is at the center of the problem of coronal heating. Given that the origin of the fast solar wind has been tracked down to atmospheric layers with transition region or even chromospheric temperatures, it is…
A differential emission measure (DEM) method is used to evaluate the relationship of the electron density and temperature before and after a coronal rain event during an active sun over the period from 20:10 UT on October 6 to 02:10 on…
Coronal loops are the basic building block of the upper solar atmosphere. Comprehending how these are energized, structured, and evolve is key to understanding stellar coronae. Here we investigate how the energy to heat the loop is…
Any successful model of coronal loops must explain a number of observed properties. For warm (~ 1 MK) loops, these include: 1. excess density, 2. flat temperature profile, 3. super-hydrostatic scale height, 4. unstructured intensity…
We examine the radiative cooling of coronal loops and demonstrate that the recently identified catastrophic cooling (Reale and Landi, 2012) is due to the inability of a loop to sustain radiative / enthalpy cooling below a critical…
Coronal loops are the building blocks of the X-ray bright solar corona. They owe their brightness to the dense confined plasma, and this review focuses on loops mostly as structures confining plasma. After a brief historical overview, the…
Solar coronal loops show significant plasma motions during their formation and eruption stages. Dynamic cool coronal structures, on the other hand, are often observed to propagate along coronal loops. In this paper, we report on the…