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Related papers: T-odd quark-gluon-quark correlation function in th…

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Distribution functions in hard processes can be described by quark-quark correlators, nonlocal matrix elements of quark fields. Color gauge invariance requires inclusion of appropriate gauge links in these correlators. For transverse…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 C. J. Bomhof , P. J. Mulders , F. Pijlman

We discuss the twist-three, unpolarized, chiral-odd, transverse momentum dependent parton distribution (TMD) $e^q(x,k_\perp)$ within a light-front model. We review a model-independent decomposition of this TMD, which follows from the QCD…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-12-06 B. Pasquini , S. Rodini

The interaction dependent part of the $x^2$-moment of the twist-3 polarized parton distribution $g_2(x)$ is related to the transverse force acting on the active quark in deep-inelastic scattering off a transversely polarized nucleon…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-11-19 Matthias Burkardt

We study the time-reversal odd quark fragmentation function and its consequences on the hard processes. T-odd quark fragmentation function may arise, although QCD is T-invariant, from the non-perturbative dynamics in the fragmentation…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-04-15 K. Suzuki

In this study, the T-even sub-leading twist transverse momentum dependent distributions (TMDs) of proton in the light-front quark-diquark model (LFQDM) have been investigated. We have derived the overlap form of the light-front wave…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-08-01 Shubham Sharma , Narinder Kumar , Harleen Dahiya

The nucleon structure functions are studied with a special emphasis on diquark correlations inside the nucleon. Assuming a phenomenological diquark-quark model of the nucleon at the low energy hadronic scale, we calculate the leading twist…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-25 K. Suzuki , T. Shigetani , H. Toki

In this work, the dynamics of quark-antiquark pair systems is investigated by modelling them as general time-dependent 3D oscillators perturbed by a Coulomb potential. Solving this model enables the prediction of key mesonic properties such…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-10-07 Jeong Ryeol Choi , Salim Medjber , Salah Menouar , Ramazan Sever

We show possible transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) for spin-1 hadrons including twist-3 and 4 functions in addition to the leading twist-2 ones by investigating all the possible decomposition of a quark…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-05-12 S. Kumano , Qin-Tao Song

A better understanding of transverse momentum (k_T-) dependent quark distributions in a hadron is needed to interpret several experimentally observed large angular asymmetries and to clarify the fundamental role of gauge links in…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2010-01-15 Ph. Hägler , B. U. Musch , J. W. Negele , A. Schäfer

Phenomenological studies of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distributions rely on the expansion in small values of the transverse separation of fields, where TMD parton distributions match onto collinear parton distribution…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-09-07 Simone Rodini , Alessio Carmelo Alvaro , Barbara Pasquini

We compute the contribution of twist-2 and twist-3 parton distribution functions to the small-$b$ expansion for transverse momentum dependent (TMD) distributions at all powers of $b$. The computation is done by the twist-decomposition…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-08-06 Valentin Moos , Alexey Vladimirov

We investigate the chiral-even twist-3 generalized parton distributions (GPDs) of valence quarks in the proton at nonzero skewness $\xi$, using a spectator model with scalar and axial-vector diquarks. We consider the exponential form factor…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-07-25 Chentao Tan , Zhun Lu

We employ the Basis Light-Front Quantization (BLFQ) framework to compute the leading-twist (twist-2) and subleading-twist (twist-3) transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) of the kaon. The light-front wave…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-13 Yuanqi Lu , Zhimin Zhu , Jiangshan Lan , Chandan Mondal , Xingbo Zhao , James P. Vary

We present first results from our analysis of the most general quark-quark correlator of the nucleon, which can be parameterized in terms of so-called generalized transverse momentum dependent parton distributions. These results include the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-12-23 S. Meissner , A. Metz , M. Schlegel

We present studies aimed at probing the 3D gluon content of the proton through spin-dependent TMD gluon densities, computed by means of the spectator-model approach. Our formalism incorporates a fit-based modulation function for the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-06-10 Alessandro Bacchetta , Francesco Giovanni Celiberto , Marco Radici

Transverse parton momentum dependent distribution functions (TMDs) of the nucleon are studied in a covariant model, which describes the intrinsic motion of partons in terms of a covariant momentum distribution. The consistency of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-09-02 A. V. Efremov , P. Schweitzer , O. V. Teryaev , P. Zavada

I give a brief overview of our current understanding of the internal partonic 3D structure of nucleons in momentum space. I discuss some recent extractions of transverse-momentum-dependent distributions for quarks, whose analyses in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-01-16 Marco Radici

We obtain the leading twist T-odd quark transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) of the proton, namely the Sivers function, $f_{1T}^{\perp q}(x,p_\perp^2)$, and the Boer-Mulders function, $h_1^{\perp…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-01-04 Bheemsehan Gurjar , Dipankar Chakrabarti , Chandan Mondal

We derive the scale dependence of twist-3 quark-gluon operators, or ETQS matrix elements, at one-loop. These operators are used to factorize transverse single spin asymmetries, which are studied intensively both in experiment and theory.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-05 J. P. Ma , Q. Wang

Transverse-momentum dependent parton distributions (TMDs) are studied in the framework of quark models. In particular, quark-model relations among TMDs are reviewed, elucidating their physical origin in terms of the quark-spin structure in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-09-13 C. Lorce , B. Pasquini