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Certifying the performance of quantum computers requires standardized tests. We propose a simple energy estimation benchmark that is motivated from quantum chemistry. With this benchmark we statistically characterize the noisy outcome of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-09 Andreas J. C. Woitzik , Lukas Hoffmann , Andreas Buchleitner , Edoardo G. Carnio

The multipartite unitary gates are called genuine if they are not product unitary operators across any bipartition. We mainly investigate the classification of genuine multipartite unitary gates of Schmidt rank two, by focusing on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-19 Yi Shen , Lin Chen , Li Yu

In quantum information theory, the Schmidt rank is a fundamental measure for the entanglement dimension of a pure bipartite state. Its natural definition uses the Schmidt decomposition of vectors on bipartite Hilbert spaces, which does not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-21 Lauritz van Luijk , René Schwonnek , Alexander Stottmeister , Reinhard F. Werner

Quantum computers have the potential to provide an advantage over classical computers in a number of areas. Numerous metrics to benchmark the performance of quantum computers, ranging from their individual hardware components to entire…

Dissipative collective effects are ubiquitous in quantum physics, and their relevance ranges from the study of entanglement in biological systems to noise mitigation in quantum computers. Here, we put forward the first fully quantum…

Randomized benchmarking (RB) is an efficient and robust method to characterize gate errors in quantum circuits. Averaging over random sequences of gates leads to estimates of gate errors in terms of the average fidelity. These estimates are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-11 Jonas Helsen , Joel J. Wallman , Steven T. Flammia , Stephanie Wehner

We suppose that a structure working as a quantum switch will be a significant element of future networks realizing transmissions of quantum information. In this chapter we analyze a process of switch's operating -- especially in systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-12 Marek Sawerwain , Joanna Wiśniewska

While real quantum devices have been increasingly used to conduct research focused on achieving quantum advantage or quantum utility in recent years, executing deep quantum circuits or performing quantum machine learning with large-scale…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-06 Yoshiaki Kawase

Near-term quantum computers are primarily limited by errors in quantum operations (or gates) between two quantum bits (or qubits). A physical machine typically provides a set of basis gates that include primitive 2-qubit (2Q) and 1-qubit…

We present a derivation and numerous applications of a compact explicit formula for the average fidelity of a quantum operation on a finite dimensional quantum system. The formula can be applied to averages over particularly relevant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-02-26 Line Hjortshoj Pedersen , Klaus Molmer , Niels Martin Moller

In this work, we aim to solve a practical use-case of unsupervised clustering which has applications in predictive maintenance in the energy operations sector using quantum computers. Using only cloud access to quantum computers, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-13 Stephen DiAdamo , Corey O'Meara , Giorgio Cortiana , Juan Bernabé-Moreno

This paper proves the threshold result, which asserts that quantum computation can be made robust against errors and inaccuracies, when the error rate, $\eta$, is smaller than a constant threshold, $\eta_c$. The result holds for a very…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dorit Aharonov , Michael Ben-Or

An important step in building a quantum computer is calibrating experimentally implemented quantum gates to produce operations that are close to ideal unitaries. The calibration step involves estimating the systematic errors in gates and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-22 Shelby Kimmel , Guang Hao Low , Theodore J. Yoder

We initially consider a quantum system consisting of two qubits, which can be in one of two nonorthogonal states, \Psi_0 or \Psi_1. We distribute the qubits to two parties, Alice and Bob. They each measure their qubit and then compare their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Jihane Mimih , Mark Hillery

Random-access quantum memories may offer computational advantages for quantum computers and networks. In this paper, we advance arrays of solid-state quantum memories towards their usage as random-access quantum memory. We perform quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 Markus Teller , Susana Plascencia , Samuele Grandi , Hugues de Riedmatten

Operating on the principles of quantum mechanics, quantum algorithms hold the promise for solving problems that are beyond the reach of the best-available classical algorithms. An integral part of realizing such speedup is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-03 Shifan Xu , Connor T. Hann , Ben Foxman , Steven M. Girvin , Yongshan Ding

Quantum memories are key components of emerging quantum technologies. They are designed to store quantum states and retrieve them on demand without losing features such as superposition and entanglement. Verifying that a memory preserves…

Symmetry is an important and unifying notion in many areas of physics. In quantum mechanics, it is possible to eliminate degrees of freedom from a system by leveraging symmetry to identify the possible physical transitions. This allows us…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-20 Rahul Bandyopadhyay , Alex H. Rubin , Marina Radulaski , Mark M. Wilde

Various measures have been suggested recently for quantifying the coherence of a quantum state with respect to a given basis. We first use two of these, the l_1-norm and relative entropy measures, to investigate tradeoffs between the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-08 Shuming Cheng , Michael J. W. Hall

Randomized benchmarking (RB) protocols have become an essential tool for providing a meaningful partial characterization of experimental quantum operations. While the RB decay rate is known to enable estimates of the average fidelity of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-11 Arnaud Carignan-Dugas , Kristine Boone , Joel J. Wallman , Joseph Emerson