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We present a position- and time-dependent optical force theory for optomechanics of dispersive 3D photonic materials and devices. The theory applies to media including material interfaces, waveguides, and general photonic crystal…

Optics · Physics 2022-07-22 Mikko Partanen , Jukka Tulkki

The electrostatic force is described in this model by the action of electric dipole distributions on charged particles. The individual hypothetical dipoles are propagating at the speed of light in vacuum transferring momentum and energy…

General Physics · Physics 2018-03-15 K. Wilhelm , B. N. Dwivedi , H. Wilhelm

The simple reflection of a light beam of finite transverse extent from a homogenous interface gives rise to a surprisingly large number of subtle shifts and deflections which can be seen as diffractive corrections to the laws of geometrical…

Optics · Physics 2012-11-15 Jörg B Götte , Mark R Dennis

We employ ptychography, a phase-retrieval imaging technique, to show experimentally for the first time that a partially coherent high-energy matter (electron) wave emanating from an extended source can be decomposed into a set of mutually…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-01-04 S. Cao , P. Kok , P. Li , A. M. Maiden , J. M. Rodenburg

Aerosol particles experience significant photophoretic forces at low pressure. Previous work assumed the average particle temperature to be very close to the gas temperature. This might not always be the case. If the particle temperature or…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-09-09 C. Loesche , G. Wurm , T. Jankowski , M. Kuepper

Atom and nanoparticle arrays trapped in optical lattices are shown to be capable of sustaining collective oscillations of frequency proportional to the strength of the external light field. The spectrum of these oscillations determines the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-13 F. J. Garcia de Abajo

Diffraction limits the behaviour of light in optical systems and sets the smallest achievable line width at half the wavelength. With a novel subwavelength plasmonic lens to reduce the diffraction via an asymmetry and to generate and…

Optics · Physics 2009-01-30 K. R. Chen

The effect of static electromagnetic fields on the propagation of light is analyzed in the context of a particular class of scalar-tensor gravitational theories. It is found that for appropriate field configurations and light polarization,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-10-10 T. E. Raptis , F. O. Minotti

The classical motion at a conical surface is bounded at one (narrower) side of the cone and unbounded at the other. However, it is shown here that a dielectric cone with a small half-angle gamma can perform as a high Q-factor optical…

Optics · Physics 2015-05-20 M. Sumetsky

For a long time transverse and longitudinal optical forces are used for non-contact and noninvasive manipulation of small individual particles. The following question arises: What is the impact of these forces on the ensemble of thousand…

Optics · Physics 2021-05-26 Lubomir Kovachev

We show that the known expressions for the force on a point-like dipole are incompatible with the relativistic transformation of force, and in this respect we apply the Lagrangian approach to the derivation of the correct equation for force…

General Physics · Physics 2016-02-17 Alexander L Kholmetskii , Oleg V. Missevitch , Tolga Yarman

We experimentally demonstrate orbiting of isotropic, dielectric microparticles around an optical nanofiber that guides elliptically polarized fundamental modes. The driving transverse radiation force appears in the evanescent…

Optical forces in dielectric structures are typically analyzed by utilizing either the Maxwell stress tensor or energy-based methods from which they can be derived by means of the eigenfrequencies and the effective refractive indices…

The ubiquity of optical coherence arising from its importance in everything from astronomy to photovoltaics means that underlying assumptions such as stationarity and ergodicity can become implicit. When these assumptions become implicit,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-23 Joscelyn van der Veen , Daniel James

The gradient force is the conservative component of many types of forces exerted by light on particles. When it is derived from a potential, there is no heat transferred to the particle interacting with the light field. However, most…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-15 L. Marmet

When a solid projectile impacts a granular target, it experiences a drag force and abruptly comes to rest as its momentum transfers to the grains. An empirical drag force law successfully describes the force experienced by the projectile,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-04-26 Cacey Stevens Bester , Noah Cox , Hu Zheng , Robert P. Behringer

Invoking Maxwell's classical equations in conjunction with expressions for the electromagnetic (EM) energy, momentum, force, and torque, we use a few simple examples to demonstrate the nature of the EM angular momentum. The energy and the…

Optics · Physics 2017-06-09 Masud Mansuripur

The ambiguity of macroscopic description of light pressure on continuous medium originates from the uncertainty of dividing the energy-momentum tensor of electromagnetically excited matter into material and field parts or, equivalently, the…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-15 M. V. Gorkunov , A. V. Kondratov

The force of electromagnetic radiation on a dielectric medium may be derived by a direct application of the Lorentz law of classical electrodynamics. While the light's electric field acts upon the (induced) bound charges in the medium, its…

Optics · Physics 2014-01-29 Masud Mansuripur , Armis R. Zakharian , Jerome V. Moloney

A general scattering problem of a plane electromagnetic wave on an infinite cylindrical rod is formulated and solved in a form of Bessel functions series expansion. The conductivity account via Ohm law directly in Maxwell equation leads to…

Classical Physics · Physics 2013-09-03 Katarzyna Krzyżanowska , Sergey Leble