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A Riemannian manifold is called geometrically formal if the wedge product of any two harmonic forms is again harmonic. We classify geometrically formal compact 4-manifolds with nonnegative sectional curvature. If the sectional curvature is…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-02-03 Christian Baer

Second-order Lagrangian densities admitting a first-order Hamiltonian formalism are studied; namely, i) for each second-order Lagrangian density on an arbitrary fibred manifold $p\colon E\to N$ the Poincar\'e-Cartan form of which is…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-09-04 E. Rosado María , J. Muñoz Masqué

We consider the polarization of thermal emission in the near-field of various materials including dielectrics and metallic systems with resonant surface modes. We find that at thermal equilibrium, the degree of polarization exhibits spatial…

Optics · Physics 2016-05-25 Manabu Machida , Evgenii Narimanov , John C. Schotland

The dynamics of supercooled liquid and glassy systems are usually studied within the Lagrangian representation, in which the positions and velocities of distinguishable interacting particles are followed. Within this representation,…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-09-28 Claudio Chamon , Leticia F. Cugliandolo , Gabriel Fabricius , Jose Luis Iguain , Eric R. Weeks

We develop a Lagrangian approach for constructing a symplectic structure for singular systems. It gives a simple and unified framework for understanding the origin of the pathologies that appear in the Dirac-Bergmann formalism, and offers a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 H. Montani , R. Montemayor

In crystalline solids, the electronic polarization follows the \emph{generalized Neumann's principle}, under which all crystallographic point groups can, in principle, support ferroelectric polarization. However, in high-symmetry…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-11-25 Hongsheng Pang , Lixin He

A modified system of equations of electrodynamics has been obtained. Beside the Lagrangian one an alternative gauge-like formalism has been developed to introduce the toroid moment contributions in the equations obtained. The two potential…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 V. M. Dubovik , B. Saha

Within a decade of fruitful developments, metamaterials became a prominent area of research, bridging theoretical and applied electrodynamics, electrical engineering and material science. Being man-made structures, metamaterials offer a…

Classical theory of crystals states that a medium to be considered homogeneous must satisfy the following requirements: a) the dimension of the elementary cell must be much smaller than the incident wavelength; b) the sample must contain a…

In order to have a better description of homogenization for parabolic partial differential equations with periodic coefficients, we define the notion of parametric two-scale convergence. A compactness theorem is proved to justify this…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Hee Chul Pak

Since the particles such as molecules, atoms and nuclei are composite particles, it is important to recognize that physics must be invariant for the composite particles and their constituent particles, this requirement is called particle…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 H. Y. Cui

In a parametrized and constrained Hamiltonian system, an observable is an operator which commutes with all (first-class) constraints, including the super-Hamiltonian. The problem of the frozen formalism is to explain how dynamics is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Arlen Anderson

Dispersion properties of electromagnetic crystals formed by small uniaxial resonant scatterers (magnetic or electric) are studied using the local field approach. The goal of the study is to determine the conditions under which the…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-11 Pavel A. Belov , Constantin R. Simovski

It is well-known under the name of `periodic homogenization' that, under a centering condition of the drift, a periodic diffusion process on R^d converges, under diffusive rescaling, to a d-dimensional Brownian motion. Existing proofs of…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-09-22 Martin Hairer , Etienne Pardoux

This article combines shape optimization and homogenization techniques by looking for the optimal design of the microstructure in composite materials and of scaffolds. The development of materials with specific properties is of huge…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-07-16 Marc Dambrine , Helmut Harbrecht

Based on the competition between $\gamma$-stable and $\gamma$-rigid collective motions mediated by a rigidity parameter, a two-parameter exactly separable version of the Bohr Hamiltonian is proposed. The $\gamma$-stable part of the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-19 R. Budaca , A. I. Budaca

Friedel's law guarantees an inversion-symmetric diffraction pattern for thin, light materials where a kinematic approximation or a single-scattering model holds. Typically, breaking Friedel symmetry is ascribed to multiple scattering events…

Elastomeric mechanical metamaterials exhibit unconventional behaviour, emerging from their microstructures often deforming in a highly nonlinear and unstable manner. Such microstructural pattern transformations lead to non-local behaviour…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-02-18 S. O. Sperling , T. Guo , R. H. J. Peerlings , V. G. Kouznetsova , M. G. D. Geers , O. Rokoš

The hyperplane and proper time formalisms are discussed mainly for the spin-half particles in the quantum case. A connection between these covariant Hamiltonian formalisms is established. It is showed that choosing the space-like…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Edgardo T. Garcia Alvarez , Fabian H. Gaioli

It is well known that the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian descriptions of field theories are equivalent at the discrete time level when variational integrators are used. Besides the symplectic Hamiltonian structure, many physical systems exhibit…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-01-18 Andrea Brugnoli , Volker Mehrmann