Related papers: Bi Event Timer for Physics Lab
Current statistics can be calculated in various ways. Event-based approaches use the statistics of the number of events occuring during a given time. Time-based approaches use the statistics of the time needed to reach a given number of…
Time plays a crucial role in the intuitive understanding of the world around us. Within quantum mechanics, however, time is not usually treated as an observable quantity; it enters merely as a parameter in the laws of motion of physical…
Inserting a lossy dielectric into one arm of an interference experiment acts in many ways like a measurement. If two entangled photons are passed through the interferometer, a certain amount of information is gained about which path they…
This tutorial, addressing physics teachers and undergraduate students, aims at clarifying some aspects of time in special relativity. In particular, time dilation is usually presented only as the well-known ratio of lab time over proper…
General relativity predicts that clocks run more slowly near massive objects. The effect is small---a clock at sea level lags behind one 1000 m above sea level by only 9.4 ns/day. Here, we demonstrate that a measurement of this effect can…
The model of weak measurements is applied to various problems, related to the time problem in quantum mechanics. The review and generalization of the theoretical analysis of the time problem in quantum mechanics based on the concept of weak…
We apply lessons from fast timing detector R$\&$D to strategies for initial calibration of large timing arrays at future colliders. Detector R$\&$D often benefits from detailed information about the sensor and front-end signal (waveform…
Measurement uncertainty and experimental error are important concepts taught in undergraduate physics laboratories. Although student ideas about error and uncertainty in introductory classical mechanics lab experiments have been studied…
Every year we grow more dependent on wearable devices to gather personalized data, such as our movements, heart rate, respiration, etc. To capture this data, devices contain sensors, such as accelerometers and gyroscopes, that are able to…
This paper treats the problem of detecting periodicity in a sequence of photon arrival times, which occurs, for example, in attempting to detect gamma-ray pulsars. A particular focus is on how auxiliary information, typically source…
We combine the concept of Bell measurements, in which two systems are projected into a maximally entangled state, with the concept of continuous measurements, which concerns the evolution of a continuously monitored quantum system. For such…
Many smart grid applications involve data mining, clustering, classification, identification, and anomaly detection, among others. These applications primarily depend on the measurement of similarity, which is the distance between different…
We introduce an interaction mechanism between oscillators leading to exact anti-phase and in-phase synchronization. This mechanism is applied to the coupling between two nonlinear oscillators with a limit cycle in phase space, leading to a…
We proposed a method based on microwave magnetic dipole transitions to prepare samples of atoms with well defined position and velocity. Each microwave pulse corresponds to a position measurement for the atoms and two pulses separated by a…
We present Bell tests for optical continuous variable systems, combining both hybrid measurements (i.e. measuring both particle and wave aspects of light) and heralded amplifiers. We discuss two types of schemes, in which the amplifier is…
This paper describes an electric circuit lab exercise that offers various ways of comparing the equivalent electrical resistance of three-resistor circuits. It requires the use of two multi-meters, a power supply, cables and connectors, an…
Tunneling of a two-state particle through a squeezed vacuum is considered. It has been shown that repetitive measurement or interaction with the external field can preserve the coherence. Moreover, the coherence time in terms of the…
We study rate-induced phase-tipping (RP-tipping) between two stable limit cycles of a birhythmic oscillator. We say that such an oscillator RP-tips when a time variation of an input parameter preserves the bistability of the limit cycles…
Although time is one of the fundamental notions in physics, it does not have a unique description. In quantum theory time is a parameter ordering the succession of the probability amplitudes of a quantum system, while according to…
We revisit a recent proposal for a definition of time in quantum cosmology, to investigate the effects of having more than one possible type of clock "at the same time". We use as test tube an extension of Einstein gravity with a massless…