Related papers: Event-by-event generation of electromagnetic field…
Electromagnetic field produced in high-energy heavy-ion collisions contains much useful information, because the field can be directly related to the motion of the matter in the whole stage of the reaction. One can divide the total…
We compute the electromagnetic field created by an ultrarelativistic charged particle in vacuum at distances comparable to the particle Compton wavelength. The wave function of the particle is governed by the Klein-Gordon equation, for a…
We show that fluctuating proton positions in the colliding nuclei generate, on the event-by-event basis, very strong magnetic and electric fields in the direction both parallel and perpendicular to the reaction plane. The magnitude of E and…
I discuss several roles of the strong electromagnetic fields created by relativistic heavy-ion collisions. These phenomena call for theoretical and experimental developments to understand dynamics of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) as well as…
In heavy-ion collisions the electromagnetic field exists before the hot nuclear matter emergence. Requiring the field continuity we compute it in the central rapidity region by taking into account the electromagnetic response of the Quark…
In heavy-ion collisions at relativistic energies, the incident nuclei travel at nearly the speed of light. These collisions deposit kinetic energy into the overlap region and create a high-temperature environment where hadrons ``melt'' into…
The hadron string dynamics (HSD) model is generalized to include the creation and evolution of retarded electromagnetic fields as well as the influence of the magnetic and electric fields on the quasiparticle propagation. The time-space…
We compute the electromagnetic fields generated in relativistic heavy-ion collisions using the iEBE-VISHNU framework. We calculated the incremental drift velocity from the possible four sources of the electric force (coulomb, Lorentz,…
In ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, the strong electric field can be produced by the colliding nuclei. The magnitude of the electric field $E$ is on the order of $eE\sim m_{\pi}^2$ at the early stage of the collision. In quark gluon…
I review the origin and properties of electromagnetic fields produced in heavy ion collisions. The field strength immediately after a collision is proportional to the collision energy and reaches eB\sim(m_\pi)^2 at RHIC and eB\sim10…
The extremely large electromagnetic fields generated in heavy-ion collisions provide access to novel observables that are expected to constrain various key transport properties of the quark-gluon plasma and could help solve one of the…
Intense transient electric ({\bf E}) and magnetic ({\bf B}) fields are produced in the high energy heavy-ion collisions. The electromagnetic fields produced in such high-energy heavy-ion collisions are proposed to give rise to a multitude…
Electromagnetic fields are generated in high energy nuclear collisions by spectator valence protons. These fields are traditionally computed by integrating the Maxwell equations with point sources. One might expect that such an approach is…
Time evolution of electromagnetic field created in heavy-ion collisions strongly depends on the electromagnetic response of the quark-gluon plasma, which can be described by the Ohmic and chiral conductivities. The later is intimately…
The hot and dense QCD matter produced in nuclear collisions at ultrarelativistic energy is characterized by very intense electromagnetic fields which attain their maximal strength in the early pre-equilibrium stage and interplay with the…
In this short article we discuss the properties of electromagnetic fields in heavy-ion collisions and consequences for observables. We address quantitatively the issue of the magnetic field lifetime in a collision including the electric and…
It is proposed to identify a strong electric field created during relativistic collisions of asymmetric nuclei via observation of pseudorapidity and transverse momentum distributions of hadrons with the same mass but opposite charges. The…
We investigate the effect of the electromagnetic field generated in relativistic heavy-ion collisions on the dissociation of $\Upsilon$ mesons. The electromagnetic field is calculated using a simple model which characterizes the emerging…
The colliding heavy ions create extremely strong magnetic and electric fields that significantly affect the evolution of the produced quark-gluon plasma (QGP). The knowledge of these fields is essential for establishing the role of…
In peripheral heavy-ion collisions at ultra-relativistic energies, usually only parts of the colliding nuclei effectively interact with each other. In the overlapping zone, a fireball or quark-gluon plasma is produced. The excitation energy…