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Phylogenetic trees and networks are graphs used to model evolutionary relationships, with trees representing strictly branching histories and networks allowing for events in which lineages merge, called reticulation events. While the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-17 Martin Frohn , Niels Holtgrefe , Leo van Iersel , Mark Jones , Steven Kelk

We calculate the density and expectation for the number of lineages in a reconstructed tree with $n$ extant species. This is done with conditioning on the age of the tree as well as with assuming a uniform prior for the age of the tree.

Probability · Mathematics 2007-11-05 Tanja Gernhard , Dennis Wong

In this note we answer a question of Kunen (15.13 [Mi91]) showing that it is consistent that there are full Souslin trees

Logic · Mathematics 2008-02-03 Saharon Shelah

The paper deals with optimality issues in connection with updating beliefs in networks. We address two processes: triangulation and construction of junction trees. In the first part, we give a simple algorithm for constructing an optimal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-28 Finn Verner Jensen , Frank Jensen

An important problem in evolutionary biology is to reconstruct the evolutionary history of a set $X$ of species. This history is often represented as a phylogenetic network, that is, a connected graph with leaves labelled by elements in $X$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-01 Leo van Iersel , Vincent Moulton

Trees are partial orderings where every element has a linearly ordered set of smaller elements. We define and study several natural notions of completeness of trees, extending Dedekind completeness of linear orders and Dedekind-MacNeille…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Valentin Goranko , Ruaan Kellerman , Alberto Zanardo

In a population with haploid reproduction any individual has a single parent in the previous generation. If all genealogical distances among pairs of individuals (generations from the closest common ancestor) are known it is possible to…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-05-13 Luce Prignano , Maurizio Serva

We consider the problem of inferring an ancestral state from observations at the leaves of a tree, assuming the state evolves along the tree according to a two-state symmetric Markov process. We establish a general branching rate condition…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Sebastien Roch , Kun-Chieh Wang

A phylogenetic tree is a graphical representation of an evolutionary history of taxa in which the leaves correspond to the taxa and the non-leaves correspond to speciations. One of important problems in phylogenetic analysis is to assemble…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-25 Hiroshi Hirai , Yuni Iwamasa

We derive tractable criteria for the consistency of Bayesian tree reconstruction procedures, which constitute a central class of algorithms for inferring common ancestry among DNA sequence samples in phylogenetics. Our results encompass…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-05 Alisa Kirichenko , Luke J. Kelly , Jere Koskela

This article is a supplementary document for the CoPPar Tree paper, providing a detailed correctness proof for the CoPPar architecture.

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Xincheng Yang , Kyle Hale

The reconstruction of transmission trees for epidemics from genetic data has been the subject of some recent interest. It has been demonstrated that the transmission tree structure can be investigated by augmenting internal nodes of a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-01-07 Matthew Hall , Andrew Rambaut

Species tree reconstruction from genomic data is increasingly performed using methods that account for sources of gene tree discordance such as incomplete lineage sorting. One popular method for reconstructing species trees from unrooted…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-12-06 Shubhanshu Shekhar , Sebastien Roch , Siavash Mirarab

In this paper we discuss reconstruction problems for graphs. We develop some new ideas like isomorphic extension of isomorphic graphs, partitioning of vertex sets into sets of equivalent points, subdeck property, etc. and develop an…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2011-10-21 Dhananjay P. Mehendale

We consider the creation conditions of diverse hierarchical trees both analytically and numerically. A connection between the probabilities to create hierarchical levels and the probability to associate these levels into a united structure…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-06-21 A. I. Olemskoi , S. S. Borysov , I. A. Shuda

Unrooted phylogenetic networks are graphs used to represent evolutionary relationships. Accurately reconstructing such networks is of great relevance for evolutionary biology. It has recently been conjectured that all phylogenetic networks…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Péter L. Erdős , Leo van Iersel , Mark Jones

We give a sufficient criterion for a lower bound of the cactus rank of a tensor. Then we refine that criterion in order to be able to give an explicit sufficient condition for a non-redundant decomposition of a tensor to be minimal and…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-05-08 Edoardo Ballico , Alessandra Bernardi , Luca Chiantini , Elena Guardo

Any process in which competing solutions replicate with errors and numbers of their copies depend on their respective fitnesses is the evolutionary optimization process. As during carcinogenesis mutated genomes replicate according to their…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2009-12-15 B. Brutovsky , D. Horvath

This article is a conceptual exposition on the structure of the tree. It demonstrates an evolutionary design that the tree possesses in the perspective of a structural engineer.

Popular Physics · Physics 2018-07-03 Munishwer Chander Chadda , Mayank Chadha

A simple model of the new notion of "Markov up" processes is proposed; its positive recurrence and ergodic properties are shown under the appropriate conditions.

Probability · Mathematics 2023-01-02 Alexander Veretennikov , Maria Veretennikova