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A rigorous microscopic theory for the description of quantum-transport phenomena in systems with open boundaries is proposed. We shall show that the application of the conventional Wigner-function formalism to this problem leads to…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Remo Proietti Zaccaria , Fausto Rossi

The concept of negative probabilities can be used to decompose the interaction of two qubits mediated by a quantum controlled-NOT into three operations that require only classical interactions (that is, local operations and classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-06-16 Holger F. Hofmann

The standard formulation of quantum theory assumes a predefined notion of time. This is a major obstacle in the search for a quantum theory of gravity, where the causal structure of space-time is expected to be dynamical and fundamentally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-29 Ognyan Oreshkov , Nicolas J. Cerf

The physical meaning of the operators is not reducible to the intrinsic relations of the quantum system, since unitary transformations can find other operators satisfying the exact same relations. The physical meaning is determined…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-10 Ovidiu Cristinel Stoica

Students in quantum mechanics class are taught that the wave function contains all knowable information about an isolated system. Later in the course, this view seems to be contradicted by the mysterious density matrix, which introduces a…

General Physics · Physics 2021-04-16 Mark G. Kuzyk

The most general method for encoding quantum information is not to encode the information into a subspace of a Hilbert space, but to encode information into a subsystem of a Hilbert space. Recently this notion has led to a more general…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-01-22 Dave Bacon

Operators play a substantial role in mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics. However, explicit forms of the operators are usually postulated, based on the intuitive assumptions. In this study, variational principle was applied to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-09 Nikolay Dementev

Pseudo-random operators consist of sets of operators that exhibit many of the important statistical features of uniformly distributed random operators. Such pseudo-random sets of operators are most useful whey they may be parameterized and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Joseph Emerson

Quantum theory provides a significant example of two intermingling hallmarks of science: the ability to consistently combine physical systems and study them compositely, and the power to extract predictions in the form of correlations. A…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Marco Erba , Paolo Perinotti

This paper is an expanded and more detailed version of our recent work in which the Operator Quantum Error Correction formalism was introduced. This is a new scheme for the error correction of quantum operations that incorporates the known…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 David W. Kribs , Raymond Laflamme , David Poulin , Maia Lesosky

We propose an implementation of the algorithm for the fast Fourier transform (FFT) as a quantum circuit consisting of a combination of some quantum gates. In our implementation, a data sequence is expressed by a tensor product of vector…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-11 Ryo Asaka , Kazumitsu Sakai , Ryoko Yahagi

An operational description of quantum phenomena concerns developing models that describe experimentally observed behaviour. $\textit{Higher-order quantum operations}\unicode{x2014}$quantum operations that transform quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Philip Taranto , Simon Milz , Mio Murao , Marco Túlio Quintino , Kavan Modi

The quantum mechanical commutation relations, which are directly related to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, have a crucial importance for understanding the quantum mechanics of students. During undergraduate level courses, the…

Physics Education · Physics 2018-04-10 A. Alper Billur , Serkan Akkoyun , Murat Bursal

In the study of quantum computation, data is represented in terms of linear operators which form a generalized model of probability, and computations are most commonly described as products of unitary transformations, which are the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-16 Jonathan Robert Niel de Beaudrap

Theory of quantum measurements is often classified as decision theory. An event in decision theory corresponds to the measurement of an observable. This analogy looks clear for operationally testable simple events. However, the situation is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-24 V. I. Yukalov , D. Sornette

This paper introduces a formalism that aims to describe the intricacies of quantum computation by establishing a connection with the mathematical foundations of tensor theory and multilinear maps. The focus is on providing a comprehensive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-17 Valentina Amitrano , Francesco Pederiva

We show that including both the system and the apparatus in the quantum description of the measurement process, and using the concept of conditional probabilities, it is possible to deduce the statistical operator of the system after a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-29 R. Laura , L. Vanni

Explicit expressions for most interesting quantum operators in optical tomography representation are found. General formalism of symbols of operators is presented in optical tomographic representation. The symbols of the operators are found…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-02 Grigori G. Amosov , Yakov A. Korennoy , Vladimir I. Man'ko

We show that the correct mathematical foundation of quantum decision theory, dealing with uncertain events, requires the use of positive operator-valued measure that is a generalization of the projection-valued measure. The latter is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 V. I. Yukalov , D. Sornette

Classical simulation of quantum computation is necessary for studying the numerical behavior of quantum algorithms, as there does not yet exist a large viable quantum computer on which to perform numerical tests. Tensor network (TN)…