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A spanning 2-forest separating vertices $u$ and $v$ of an undirected connected graph is a spanning forest with 2 components such that $u$ and $v$ are in distinct components. Aside from their combinatorial significance, spanning 2-forests…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-17 Wayne Barrett , Emily J. Evans , Amanda E. Francis , Mark Kempton , John Sinkovic

Among subgraphs with a fixed number of vertices of the regular square lattice, we prove inequalities that essentially say that those with smaller boundaries have larger numbers of spanning trees and vice-versa. As an application, we relate…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-06 Kristopher Tapp

Kirchhoff showed that the number of spanning trees of a graph is the spectral determinant of the combinatorial Laplacian divided by the number of vertices; we reframe this result in the quantum graph setting. We prove that the spectral…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-29 Jonathan Harrison , Tracy Weyand

We compute the total number of spanning trees for the generalized cone of the complete graph $K_n$ and a number of families of some modified bipartite graphs $K_{m,n}$. In particular, we obtain a new method of finding the number of spanning…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-06 Zubeyir Cinkir

Given a group $G$, we define the power graph $\mathcal{P}(G)$ as follows: the vertices are the elements of $G$ and two vertices $x$ and $y$ are joined by an edge if $\langle x\rangle\subseteq \langle y\rangle$ or $\langle y\rangle\subseteq…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-05-16 A. R. Moghaddamfar , S. Rahbariyan , S. Navid Salehy , S. Nima Salehy

We derive a message passing method for computing the spectra of locally tree-like networks and an approximation to it that allows us to compute closed-form expressions or fast numerical approximates for the spectral density of random graphs…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-04-19 M. E. J. Newman , Xiao Zhang , Raj Rao Nadakuditi

We consider the problem of uniformly generating a spanning tree, of a connected undirected graph. This process is useful to compute statistics, namely for phylogenetic trees. We describe a Markov chain for producing these trees. For cycle…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Luís M. S. Russo , Andreia Sofia Teixeira , Alexandre P Francisco

Consider the nearest neighbor graph for the integer lattice Z^d in d dimensions. For a large finite piece of it, consider choosing a spanning tree for that piece uniformly among all possible subgraphs that are spanning trees. As the piece…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Robin Pemantle

We consider the well-studied problem of finding a spanning tree with minimum average distance between vertex pairs (called a MAD tree). This is a classic network design problem which is known to be NP-hard. While approximation algorithms…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Tom-Lukas Breitkopf , Vincent Froese , Anton Herrmann , André Nichterlein , Camille Richer

A $k$-tree is a spanning tree in which every vertex has degree at most $k$. In this paper, we provide a sufficient condition for the existence of a $k$-tree in a connected graph with fixed order in terms of the adjacency spectral radius and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-24 Dandan Fan , Sergey Goryainov , Xueyi Huang , Huiqiu Lin

Masbaum and Vaintrob's "Pfaffian matrix tree theorem" implies that counting spanning trees of a 3-uniform hypergraph (abbreviated to 3-graph) can be done in polynomial time for a class of "3-Pfaffian" 3-graphs, comparable to and related to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-02-18 Andrew Goodall , Anna de Mier

We study a new type of random minimum spanning trees. It is built on the complete graph where each vertex is given a weight, which is a positive real number. Then, each edge is given a capacity which is a random variable that only depends…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-12-04 Othmane Safsafi

Hierarchical tree structures are common in many real-world systems, from tree roots and branches to neuronal dendrites and biologically inspired artificial neural networks, as well as in technological networks for organizing and searching…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-02-04 Davide Cipollini , Lambert Schomaker

By revisiting the Kirchhoff's Matrix-Tree Theorem, we give an exact formula for the number of spanning trees of a graph in terms of the quantum relative entropy between the maximally mixed state and another state specifically obtained from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-14 Vittorio Giovannetti , Simone Severini

We investigate the complexity of finding a transformation from a given spanning tree in a graph to another given spanning tree in the same graph via a sequence of edge flips. The exchange property of the matroid bases immediately yields…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Nicolas Bousquet , Takehiro Ito , Yusuke Kobayashi , Haruka Mizuta , Paul Ouvrard , Akira Suzuki , Kunihiro Wasa

Orchard and tree-child networks share an important property with phylogenetic trees: they can be completely reduced to a single node by iteratively deleting cherries and reticulated cherries. As it is the case with phylogenetic trees, the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-03-22 Tomás M. Coronado , Joan Carles Pons , Gabriel Riera

The search of spanning trees with interesting disjunction properties has led to the introduction of edge-disjoint spanning trees, independent spanning trees and more recently completely independent spanning trees. We group together these…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Benoit Darties , Nicolas Gastineau , Olivier Togni

The spanning tree heuristic is a commonly adopted procedure in network inference and estimation. It allows one to generalize an inference method developed for trees, which is usually based on a statistically rigorous approach, to a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-22 Feng Ji , Wenchang Tang , Wee Peng Tay

We study random two-component spanning forests ($2$SFs) of finite graphs, giving formulas for the first and second moments of the sizes of the components, vertex-inclusion probabilities for one or two vertices, and the probability that an…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-04-06 Adrien Kassel , Richard Kenyon , Wei Wu

The logarithm of the number of Eulerian orientations, normalised by the number of vertices, is known as the residual entropy in studies of ice-type models on graphs. The spanning tree entropy depends similarly on the number of spanning…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-07 Mikhail Isaev , Brendan D. McKay , Rui-Ray Zhang
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