Related papers: Radio & Optical Interferometry: Basic Observing Te…
Next generation radio telescopes will be much larger, more sensitive, have much larger observation bandwidth and will be capable of pointing multiple beams simultaneously. Obtaining the sensitivity, resolution and dynamic range supported by…
Radio astronomy observations at frequencies below 10~MHz could provide valuable science, such as measuring the cosmic dark age signal in the redshifted 21~cm hydrogen absorption line, detecting exoplanetary auroral emissions which lead to…
The basic effect of the earth's atmospheric refraction on telescope operation is the reduction of the true zenith angle to the apparent zenith angle, associated with prismatic aberrations due to the dispersion in air. If one attempts…
In this paper, we present a brief overview of atom interferometry. This field of research has developed very rapidly since 1991. Atom and light wave interferometers present some similarities but there are very important differences in the…
Interstellar scintillation can be used to probe transverse sizes of radio sources on scales inaccessible to the nominal resolution of any terrestrial telescope, e.g. $\lesssim 10^{-6}$ arc sec. Methodology is presented that exploits this…
The angular resolution is tha ability of a telescope to render detail: the higher the resolution the finer is the detail. it is, together with the aperture, the most important characteristic of telescopes. We propose a new construction of…
Diverse applications in photonics and microwave engineering require a means of measurement of the instantaneous frequency of a signal. A photonic implementation typically applies an interferometer equipped with three or more output ports to…
Conventional ground-based astronomical observations suffer from image distortion due to atmospheric turbulence. This can be minimized by choosing suitable geographic locations or adaptive optical techniques, and avoided altogether by using…
In this lecture, we describe a number of advanced gain calibration techniques. In particular, self-calibration is an important tool in interferometric imaging at all wavelengths. It allows the observer to determine and remove residual phase…
An extension may be proposed to the intensity interferometer of Hanbury Brown and Twiss to provide the Fourier phase measurement by the use of third-order intensity correlations. It is well known that interferometric reconstruction of…
We summarize some of the compelling new scientific opportunities for understanding stars and stellar systems that can be enabled by sub-milliarcsec (sub-mas) angular resolution, UV-Optical spectral imaging observations, which can reveal the…
We present an imaging technique that allows the recovery of the transparency profile of wavelength-scale objects with deep subwavelength resolution based on far-field intensity measurements. The approach, interscale mixing microscopy (IMM),…
Incorporating wide-field considerations in interferometric imaging is of increasing importance for next-generation radio telescopes. Compressed sensing techniques for interferometric imaging have been extended to wide fields recently,…
The sky-averaged, or global, background of redshifted $21$ cm radiation is expected to be a rich source of information on cosmological reheating and reionizaton. However, measuring the signal is technically challenging: one must extract a…
Measurement technology employing optical interference phenomena such as a fringe pattern or frequency shift has been evolving for more than a century. The systems are being designed better, and their components are being built better. But…
This tutorial gives a general introduction to optical and infrared interferometry, specifically addressing two questions: `Can I use VLTI to observe my favourite object?' and `What will it tell me?' The observables measured by an…
The non transparency and severe propagation effects of the terrestrial ionosphere make it impossible for Earth based instruments to study the universe at low radio frequencies. An exploration of the low frequency radio window with the…
Because of atmospheric turbulence, obtaining high angular resolution images with a high dynamic range is difficult even in the near infrared domain of wavelengths. We propose a novel technique to overcome this issue. The fundamental idea is…
This manual is intended to help ALMA and other interferometer users improve images by recognising limitations and how to overcome them and deciding when and how to use self-calibration. The images provided by the ALMA Science Archive are…
Laser guide stars with adaptive optics allow astronomical image correction in the absence of a natural guide star. Single guide star systems with a star created in the earth's sodium layer can be used to correct the wavefront in the near…