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In this note we prove a spectral gap for various Markov chains on various functional spaces. While proving that a spectral gap exists is relatively common, explicit estimates seems somewhat rare.These estimates are then used to apply the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-02-19 Benoît Kloeckner

We prove the first Chernoff-Hoeffding bounds for general nonreversible finite-state Markov chains based on the standard L_1 (variation distance) mixing-time of the chain. Specifically, consider an ergodic Markov chain M and a weight…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-01-31 Kai-Min Chung , Henry Lam , Zhenming Liu , Michael Mitzenmacher

We consider Markov chains which are polynomially mixing, in a weak sense expressed in terms of the space of functions on which the mixing speed is controlled. In this context, we prove polynomial large and moderate deviations inequalities.…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-07-22 J Dedecker , Sébastien Gouëzel , F Merlevède

We state and prove a quantitative version of the bounded difference inequality for geometrically ergodic Markov chains. Our proof uses the same martingale decomposition as \cite{MR3407208} but, compared to this paper, the exact coupling…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-08 Antoine Havet , Matthieu Lerasle , Eric Moulines , Elodie Vernet

For a discrete-time Markov chain $\{X(t)\}$ evolving on $\Re^\ell$ with transition kernel $P$, natural, general conditions are developed under which the following are established: 1. The transition kernel $P$ has a purely discrete spectrum,…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-07-19 Adithya Devraj , Ioannis Kontoyiannis , Sean Meyn

Perturbation theory for Markov chains addresses the question how small differences in the transitions of Markov chains are reflected in differences between their distributions. We prove powerful and flexible bounds on the distance of the…

Computation · Statistics 2017-02-27 Daniel Rudolf , Nikolaus Schweizer

We consider general Markov chains with discrete time in an arbitrary measurable (phase) space and homogeneous in time. Markov chains are defined by the classical transition function which within the framework of the operator treatment…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-06-17 Alexander I. Zhdanok

In this note, we present a version of Hoeffding's inequality in a continuous-time setting, where the data stream comes from a uniformly ergodic diffusion process. Similar to the well-studied case of Hoeffding's inequality for discrete-time…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-03-26 Michael C. H. Choi , Evelyn Li

Markov chains are fundamental models for stochastic dynamics, with applications in a wide range of areas such as population dynamics, queueing systems, reinforcement learning, and Monte Carlo methods. Estimating the transition matrix and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-26 Lasse Leskelä , Maximilien Dreveton

Using the renewal approach we prove Bernstein-like inequalities for additive functionals of geometrically ergodic Markov chains, thus obtaining counterparts of inequalities for sums of independent random variables. The coefficient in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-03-18 Michał Lemańczyk

We give Hoeffding and Bernstein-type concentration inequalities for the largest eigenvalue of sums of random matrices arising from a Markov chain. We consider time-dependent matrix-valued functions on a general state space, generalizing…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Joe Neeman , Bobby Shi , Rachel Ward

We formulate some simple conditions under which a Markov chain may be approximated by the solution to a differential equation, with quantifiable error probabilities. The role of a choice of coordinate functions for the Markov chain is…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-04-23 R. W. R. Darling , J. R. Norris

We study the ergodic behaviour of a discrete-time process $X$ which is a Markov chain in a stationary random environment. The laws of $X_t$ are shown to converge to a limiting law in (weighted) total variation distance as $t\to\infty$.…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-07-29 Balazs Gerencser , Miklos Rasonyi

In this paper, we establish novel concentration inequalities for additive functionals of geometrically ergodic Markov chains similar to Rosenthal inequalities for sums of independent random variables. We pay special attention to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-26 Alain Durmus , Eric Moulines , Alexey Naumov , Sergey Samsonov , Marina Sheshukova

Let $X_n$ be a discrete time Markov chain with state space $S$ (countably infinite, in general) and initial probability distribution $\mu^{(0)} = (P(X_0=i_1),P(X_0=i_2),\cdots,)$. What is the probability of choosing in random some $k \in…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-08-01 Nikolaos Halidias

The upper extremes of a Markov chain with regulary varying stationary marginal distribution are known to exhibit under general conditions a multiplicative random walk structure called the tail chain. More generally, if the Markov chain is…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Johan Segers

Questions are posed regarding the influence that the column sums of the transition probabilities of a stochastic matrix (with row sums all one) have on the stationary distribution, the mean first passage times and the Kemeny constant of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-03-05 Jeffrey J. Hunter

Let $\{Y_i\}_{i=1}^{\infty}$ be a stationary reversible Markov chain with state space $[N]$, let $(X, \| \cdot \|)$ be a real-valued Banach space and let $f_1, \ldots, f_n: [N] \rightarrow X$ be functions with mean $0$ such that $\|f_i(v)\|…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-02 Shravas Rao

The partial sum of the states of a Markov chain or more generally a Markov source is asymptotically normally distributed under suitable conditions. One of these conditions is that the variance is unbounded. A simple combinatorial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Sara Kropf

General characterizations of ergodic Markov chains have been developed in considerable detail. In this paper, we study the transience for discrete-time Markov chains on general state spaces, including the geometric transience and algebraic…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-01-08 Yong-Hua Mao , Yan-Hong Song