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By using a systematic optimization approach we determine quantum states of light with definite photon number leading to the best possible precision in optical two mode interferometry. Our treatment takes into account the experimentally…

We present the theory of how to achieve phase measurements with the minimum possible variance in ways that are readily implementable with current experimental techniques. Measurements whose statistics have high-frequency fringes, such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-25 D. W. Berry , B. L. Higgins , S. D. Bartlett , M. W. Mitchell , G. J. Pryde , H. M. Wiseman

We propose an interferometric scheme for the estimation of a linear combination with non-negative weights of an arbitrary number $M>1$ of unknown phase delays, distributed across an $M$-channel linear optical network, with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-04 Dario Gatto , Paolo Facchi , Frank Narducci , Vincenzo Tamma

The ultimate bound to the accuracy of phase estimates is often assumed to be given by the Heisenberg limit. Recent work seemed to indicate that this bound can be violated, yielding measurements with much higher accuracy than was previously…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-11-20 Dominic W. Berry , Michael J. W. Hall , Marcin Zwierz , Howard M. Wiseman

Interferometry with quantum light is known to provide enhanced precision for estimating a single phase. However, depending on the parameters involved, the quantum limit for the simultaneous estimation of multiple parameters may not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-07 Philip J. D. Crowley , Animesh Datta , Marco Barbieri , Ian A. Walmsley

Reliable integration and operation of renewable distributed energy resources requires accurate distribution grid models. However, obtaining precise models is often prohibitively expensive, given their large scale and the ongoing nature of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-19 Jean-Sébastien Brouillon , Keith Moffat , Florian Dörfler , Giancarlo Ferrari-trecate

We investigate phase and frequency estimation with different measurement strategies under the effect of collective phase noise. First, we consider the standard linear estimation scheme and present an experimentally realisable optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-08 Sanah Altenburg , Sabine Wölk , Geza Toth , Otfried Gühne

We derive the asymptotic maximum-likelihood phase estimation uncertainty for any interferometric protocol where the positions of the probe particles are measured to infer the phase, but where correlations between the particles are not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 Jan Chwedenczuk , Philipp Hyllus , Francesco Piazza , Augusto Smerzi

Adopting quantum resources for parameter estimation discloses the possibility to realize quantum sensors operating at a sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit. Such approach promises to reach the fundamental Heisenberg scaling as a…

The high-precision interferometric measurement of an unknown phase is the basis for metrology in many areas of science and technology. Quantum entanglement provides an increase in sensitivity, but present techniques have only surpassed the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-01-25 G. Y. Xiang , B. L. Higgins , D. W. Berry , H. M. Wiseman , G. J. Pryde

Two mode squeezed states can be used to achieve Heisenberg limit scaling in interferometry: a phase shift of $\delta \phi \approx 2.76 / < N >$ can be resolved. The proposed scheme relies on balanced homodyne detection and can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-09-10 Ole Steuernagel

We give a simple multiround strategy that permits to beat the shot noise limit when performing interferometric measurements even in the presence of loss. In terms of the average photon number employed, our procedure can achieve twice the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Lorenzo Maccone , Giovanni De Cillis

Achieving the ultimate quantum precision in the estimation of multiple physical parameters simultaneously is a challenge in quantum metrology due to fundamental limitations and experimental challenges in harnessing the necessary quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-24 Atmadev Rai , Danilo Triggiani , Paolo Facchi , Vincenzo Tamma

Optimal measurement scheme with an efficient data processing is important in quantum-enhanced interferometry. Here we prove that for a general binary outcome measurement, the simplest data processing based on inverting the average signal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-11 X. M. Feng , G. R. Jin , W. Yang

Within the quantum phase representation we derive Heisenberg limits, in closed form, for N00N states and two other classes of states that can perform better in terms of local performance metrics relevant for multiply-peaked distributions.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-09 Scott Roger Shepard , Frederick Ira Moxley , Jonathan P. Dowling

Estimation of the phase delay between interferometer arms is the core of transmission phase microscopy. Such phase estimation may exhibit an error below the standard quantum (shot-noise) limit, if the input is an entangled two-mode state,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-18 Nilakantha Meher , Eilon Poem , Tomáš Opatrný , Ofer Firstenberg , Gershon Kurizki

The measurement of physical parameters is one of the main pillars of science. A classic example is the measurement of the optical phase enabled by optical interferometry where the best sensitivity achievable with N photons scales as 1/N -…

The Heisenberg limit provides a fundamental bound on the achievable estimation precision with a limited number of $N$ resources used (e.g., atoms, photons, etc.). Using entangled quantum states makes it possible to scale the precision with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-28 Wojciech Górecki

Multiphase estimation is a paradigmatic example of a multiparameter problem. When measuring multiple phases embedded in interferometric networks, specially-tailored input quantum states achieve enhanced sensitivities compared with both…

We study a spectral initialization method that serves a key role in recent work on estimating signals in nonconvex settings. Previous analysis of this method focuses on the phase retrieval problem and provides only performance bounds. In…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Yue M. Lu , Gen Li