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Long secondary periods (LSPs), observed in a third of pulsating red giant stars, are the only unexplained type of large-amplitude stellar variability known at this time. Here we show that this phenomenon is a manifestation of a substellar…

Long secondary periods (LSPs), observed in a third of pulsating red giant and supergiant stars, are the only unexplained type of large-amplitude stellar variability known at this time. Numerous authors have explored various scenarios for…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-07 I. Soszyński

30$\%$--50$\%$ of the luminous pulsating red-giant stars show light variations of a longer period than the pulsation periods. Those periods are called long secondary periods (LSP). There has been debated for many years but the origin of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-08 Masaki Takayama

Long secondary period (LSP) variable stars are a subclass of long-period variables (LPV) that exhibit additional long-term variability alongside pulsations. Despite being observed in over 30% of LPVs, the reason behind the LSP phenomenon is…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-19 P. Iwanek , D. M. Skowron , G. Pojmański , I. Soszyński

We present a study of OGLE light curves of red giant stars exhibiting long secondary periods (LSPs) - an enigmatic phenomenon commonly observed in stars on the upper red giant branch and asymptotic giant branch. We show that the light…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 I. Soszynski , A. Udalski

We present a study of a sample of LMC red giants exhibiting Long Secondary Periods (LSPs). We use radial velocities obtained from VLT spectral observations and MACHO and OGLE light curves to examine properties of the stars and to evaluate…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 C. P. Nicholls , P. R. Wood , M. -R. L. Cioni , I. Soszyński

Observational arguments supporting the binary explanation of the long secondary periods (LSP) phenomenon in red giants are presented. Photometry of about 1200 semiregular variables with the LSP in the Large Magellanic Cloud are analyzed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 I. Soszynski

We briefly review the phenomenon of long secondary periods (LSPs) in red giants, and the LSP variable stars classification introduced in the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN) variable star catalog; they are red giant Long…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-13 John R. Percy , Mayank H. Shenoy

At least a third of red giants show a long secondary period (LSP), 5 to 10 times longer than the pulsation period. There is strong evidence that the LSP is caused by eclipses of the red giant by a dust-enshrouded low-mass companion. We have…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-05 John Percy , Melanie Szpigiel

Approximately 30% of luminous red giants exhibit a Long Secondary Period (LSP) of variation in their light curves, in addition to a shorter primary period of oscillation. The cause of the LSP has so far defied explanation: leading…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 P. R. Wood , C. P. Nicholls

While the first binary post-AGB stars were serendipitously discovered, the distinct characteristics of their Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) allowed us to launch a more systematic search for binaries. We selected post-AGB objects which…

Half or more of stars more massive than our Sun are orbited by a companion star in a binary system. Many binaries have short enough orbits that the evolution of both stars is greatly altered by an exchange of mass and angular momentum…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-27 Robert G. Izzard , Denise Keller

The origin of long secondary periods (LSPs) in red giant variables is unknown. We investigate whether stellar pulsations in red giants can explain the properties of the LSP variability. VIJHKs light curves obtained by OGLE and the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Masaki Takayama , Yoshifusa Ita

We link the onset of pulsation-enhanced, dust-driven winds from asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars in the Magellanic Clouds to the star's transition between period--luminosity sequences (from B to C'). This transition occurs at ~60 days…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-13 Iain McDonald , Michele Trabucchi

In this contribution we give a progress report on our systematic study of a large sample of post-AGB stars. The sample stars were selected on the basis of their infrared colours and the selection criteria were tuned to discover objects with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hans Van Winckel , Tom Lloyd Evans , Maarten Reyniers , Pieter Deroo , Clio Gielen

It is surprising to find dust around B type stars, as in the case of B[e] stars. These stars exhibit a dense, dusty environment witnessed by their infrared-excess and many emission lines from permitted and forbidden transitions. Given the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-15 Michaela Kraus , Marcelo Borges Fernandes , Olivier Chesneau

The aim of this work is to create a complete list of sources exhibiting a long secondary period (LSP) in the ASAS-SN catalog of variable stars, and analyze the properties of this sample compared to other long period variables without LSP.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-09 Michal Pawlak , Michele Trabucchi , Laurent Eyer , Nami Mowlavi

The specific characteristic of the SED of serendipitously discovered post-AGB binaries, allowed us to launch a very extensive multi-wavelength study of evolved objects, selected on the basis of very specific selection criteria. Those…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hans Van Winckel

Modelling dust formation in single stars evolving through the carbon-star stage of the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) reproduces well the mid-infrared colours and magnitudes of most of the C-rich sources in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC),…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-27 F. Dell'Agli , E. Marini , F. D'Antona , P. Ventura , M. A. T. Groenewegen , L. Mattsson , D. Kamath , D. A. García-Hernández , M. Tailo

Adaptive optics observations in the infrared (VLT/NACO, Kervella et al. 2014) and visible (VLT/SPHERE, Kervella et al. 2015) domains revealed that the nearby AGB star L2 Pup (d=64 pc) is surrounded by a dust disk seen almost edge-on.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-14 P. Kervella , M. Montargès , E. Lagadec
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