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When binary linear error-correcting codes are used over symmetric channels, a relaxed version of the maximum likelihood decoding problem can be stated as a linear program (LP). This LP decoder can be used to decode error-correcting codes at…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-09-24 Siddharth Barman , Xishuo Liu , Stark C. Draper , Benjamin Recht

We often encounter probability distributions given as unnormalized products of non-negative functions. The factorization structures are represented by hypergraphs called factor graphs. Such distributions appear in various fields, including…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2011-03-24 Yusuke Watanabe

The iterative decoding threshold of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes over the binary erasure channel (BEC) fulfills an upper bound depending only on the variable and check nodes with minimum distance 2. This bound is a consequence of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-07-28 Enrico Paolini , Marc Fossorier , Marco Chiani

In this paper we are concerned with the asymptotic analysis of nonbinary spatially-coupled low-density parity-check (SC-LDPC) ensembles defined over GL$\left(2^{m}\right)$ (the general linear group of degree $m$ over GF$\left(2\right)$).…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Zhonghao Zhang , Mengnan Xu , Chongbin Xu , Dan Zeng , Zhichao Sheng

We introduce a new method for decoding short and moderate length linear block codes with dense parity-check matrix representations of cyclic form, termed multiple-bases belief-propagation (MBBP). The proposed iterative scheme makes use of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Thorsten Hehn , Johannes B. Huber , Olgica Milenkovic , Stefan Laendner

The rapidly improving performance of modern hardware renders convolutional codes obsolete, and allows for the practical implementation of more sophisticated correction codes such as low density parity check (LDPC) and turbo codes (TC). Both…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Jarosław Duda , Paweł Korus

We show that duals of certain low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, when used in a standard coset coding scheme, provide strong secrecy over the binary erasure wiretap channel (BEWC). This result hinges on a stopping set analysis of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-10-26 Ananda T. Suresh , Arunkumar Subramanian , Andrew Thangaraj , Matthieu Bloch , Steven McLaughlin

This paper describes an efficient implementation of binning for the relay channel using low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. We devise bilayer LDPC codes to approach the theoretically promised rate of the decode-and-forward relaying…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Peyman Razaghi , Wei Yu

We study Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes with iterative decoding on block-fading (BF) Relay Channels. We consider two users that employ coded cooperation, a variant of decode-and-forward with a smaller outage probability than the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-05 Dieter Duyck , Joseph J. Boutros , Marc Moeneclaey

Exact inference in the linear regression model with spike and slab priors is often intractable. Expectation propagation (EP) can be used for approximate inference. However, the regular sequential form of EP (R-EP) may fail to converge in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-12-13 José Miguel Hernández-Lobato , Daniel Hernández-Lobato

Probabilistic embeddings have several advantages over deterministic embeddings as they map each data point to a distribution, which better describes the uncertainty and complexity of data. Many works focus on adjusting the distribution…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Xiang Huang , Hao Peng , Li Sun , Hui Lin , Chunyang Liu , Jiang Cao , Philip S. Yu

The goal of the present paper is the derivation of a framework for the finite-length analysis of message-passing iterative decoding of low-density parity-check codes. To this end we introduce the concept of graph-cover decoding. Whereas in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Pascal O. Vontobel , Ralf Koetter

In this paper, we introduce an efficient iterative solver for the joint linear-programming (LP) decoding of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and finite-state channels (FSCs). In particular, we extend the approach of iterative…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Byung-Hak Kim , Henry D. Pfister

Belief Propagation (BP) is a popular, distributed heuristic for performing MAP computations in Graphical Models. BP can be interpreted, from a variational perspective, as minimizing the Bethe Free Energy (BFE). BP can also be used to solve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-05-20 Andrew Gelfand , Jinwoo Shin , Michael Chertkov

For finite coupling lengths, terminated spatially coupled low-density parity-check (SC-LDPC) codes show a non-negligible rate-loss. In this paper, we investigate if this rate loss can be mitigated by tail-biting SC-LDPC codes in conjunction…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-19 Sebastian Cammerer , Laurent Schmalen , Vahid Aref , Stephan ten Brink

We study the stability of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes under blockwise or bitwise maximum $\textit{a posteriori}$ (MAP) decoding, where transmission takes place over a binary-input memoryless output-symmetric channel. Our study…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Wei Liu , Rüdiger Urbanke

Quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes are among the most promising candidates for future quantum error correction schemes. However, a limited number of short to moderate-length QLDPC codes have been designed and their decoding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Sisi Miao , Jonathan Mandelbaum , Holger Jäkel , Laurent Schmalen

A graphical model is a structured representation of locally dependent random variables. A traditional method to reason over these random variables is to perform inference using belief propagation. When provided with the true data generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Victor Garcia Satorras , Max Welling

In this paper, we study the density evolution analysis of spatially coupled low-density parity-check (SC-LDPC) codes over binary input additive white Gaussian noise (BIAWGN) channels under the belief propagation (BP) decoding algorithm.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-10-19 Md. Noor-A-Rahim , Gottfried Lechner , Khoa D. Nguyen

Large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems typically operate in dense array deployments with limited scattering environments, leading to highly correlated and ill-conditioned channel matrices that severely degrade the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-30 Kabuto Arai , Takumi Yoshida , Takumi Takahashi , Koji Ishibashi