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Given bipartite graphs $G_1, \ldots, G_n$, the bipartite Ramsey number $BR(G_1,\ldots, G_n)$ is the last integer $b$ such that any complete bipartite graph $K_{b,b}$ with edges coloured with colours $1,2,\ldots,n$ contains a copy of some…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-01 Yaser Rowshan

Given a $k$-uniform hypergraph $G$ and a set of $k$-uniform hypergraphs $\mathcal{H}$, the generalized Ramsey number $f(G,\mathcal{H},q)$ is the minimum number of colors needed to edge-color $G$ so that every copy of every hypergraph $H\in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-06 Deepak Bal , Patrick Bennett , Emily Heath , Shira Zerbib

Let $R_h(k; \ell)$ be the smallest integer $n$ such that any edge coloring of a complete graph on $n$ vertices in $\ell$ colors results in a monochromatic $K_k$-minor, in other words, a graph with Hadwiger number $k$, i.e., a graph that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Maria Axenovich , Raphael Steiner

Much recent progress in hypergraph Ramsey theory has focused on constructions that lead to lower bounds for the corresponding Ramsey numbers. In this paper, we consider applications of these results to Gallai colorings. That is, we focus on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-05 Mark Budden , Joshua Hiller , Andrew Penland

The induced Ramsey number $r_{\mathrm{ind}}(G,H)$ is defined as the minimum order of a graph $F$ on such that any 2-coloring of its edges with red and blue leads to either a red induced copy of $G$ or a blue induced copy of $H$. Motivated…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-23 Chuang Zhong , Masaki Kashima , Yaping Mao , Yan Zhao

In this paper, we prove that the multicolored Ramsey number $R(G_1,\dots,G_n,K_{n_1},\dots,K_{n_r})$ is at least $(\gamma-1)(\kappa-1)+1$ for arbitrary connected graphs $G_1,\dots,G_n$ and $n_1,\dots,n_r\in\mathbb{N}$, where…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-28 Péter Madarasi

For graphs $G$ and $H$, the Ramsey number $r(G,H)$ is the smallest positive integer $N$ such that any red/blue edge coloring of the complete graph $K_N$ contains either a red $G$ or a blue $H$. A book $B_n$ is a graph consisting of $n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-26 Chunchao Fan , Qizhong Lin , Yuanhui Yan

We estimate the $3$-colour bipartite Ramsey number for balanced bipartite graphs $H$ with small bandwidth and bounded maximum degree. More precisely, we show that the minimum value of $N$ such that in any $3$-edge colouring of $K_{N,N}$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-04-10 Guilherme Oliveira Mota

Given graphs $H_1, H_2, \dots, H_k$, the Ramsey number $R(H_1, \dots, H_k)$ is the smallest integer $n$ for which in any coloring of the edges of the complete graph $K_n$ with colors $1,2,\dots,k$, there is some color $i$ with a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-11 Philip Garrison

A graph G is r-Ramsey for a graph H, denoted by G\rightarrow (H)_r, if every r-colouring of the edges of G contains a monochromatic copy of H. The graph G is called r-Ramsey-minimal for H if it is r-Ramsey for H but no proper subgraph of G…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-02-11 Jacob Fox , Andrey Grinshpun , Anita Liebenau , Yury Person , Tibor Szabo

The size Ramsey number $\hat{r}(F)$ of a graph $F$ is the smallest integer $m$ such that there exists a graph $G$ on $m$ edges with the property that any colouring of the edges of $G$ with two colours yields a monochromatic copy of $F$. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Andrzej Dudek , Pawel Pralat

We call the minimum order of any complete graph so that for any coloring of the edges by $k$ colors it is impossible to avoid a monochromatic or rainbow triangle, a Mixed Ramsey number. For any graph $H$ with edges colored from the above…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-03-18 Marcus Bartlett , Elliot Krop , Thuhong Nguyen , Michael Ngo , Petra President

Given a pair of graphs $G$ and $H$, the Ramsey number $R(G,H)$ is the smallest $N$ such that every red-blue coloring of the edges of the complete graph $K_N$ contains a red copy of $G$ or a blue copy of $H$. If a graph $G$ is connected, it…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-09 Alexey Pokrovskiy , Benny Sudakov

For a graph $G$, a hypergraph $\mathcal{H}$ is a Berge copy of $G$ (or a Berge-$G$ in short), if there is a bijection $f : E(G) \rightarrow E(\mathcal{H})$ such that for each $e \in E(G)$ we have $e \subseteq f(e)$. We denote the family of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-08 Dániel Gerbner , Abhishek Methuku , Gholamreza Omidi , Máté Vizer

The anti-Ramsey number $ar(G,H)$ with input graph $G$ and pattern graph $H$, is the maximum positive integer $k$ such that there exists an edge coloring of $G$ using $k$ colors, in which there are no rainbow subgraphs isomorphic to $H$ in…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-01-13 L. Sunil Chandran , Talha Hashim , Dalu Jacob , Rogers Mathew , Deepak Rajendraprasad , Nitin Singh

In this work, we give several new upper and lower bounds on Ramsey numbers for books and wheels, including a tight upper bound establishing $R(W_5, W_7) = 15$, matching upper and lower bounds giving $R(W_5, W_9) = 18$, $R(B_2, B_8) = 21$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Bernard Lidický , Gwen McKinley , Florian Pfender , Steven Van Overberghe

Let $k \in \mathbb{N}$ and let $H_1, H_2, \ldots, H_k$ be simple graphs such that for each $j \in \{ 1, 2, \ldots, k \}$, the vertex set of $H_j$ is $\{ 0, 1, 2, \ldots, n_j - 1 \}$ for some $n_j \in \mathbb{N}$. The ordered Ramsey number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-20 Nino Bašić , Ivan Damnjanović , Dragan Stevanović , Ivan Stošić

The Ramsey number $r_k(s,n)$ is the minimum $N$ such that every red-blue coloring of the $k$-subsets of $\{1, \ldots, N\}$ contains a red set of size $s$ or a blue set of size $n$, where a set is red (blue) if all of its $k$-subsets are red…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-01 Dhruv Mubayi , Andrew Suk

Let $k$ be a positive integer and let $G$ be a graph. The zero-sum Ramsey number $R(G,\mathbb{Z}_k)$ is the least integer $N$ (if it exists) such that for every edge-coloring $\chi \, : \, E(K_N) \, \rightarrow \, \mathbb{Z}_k$ one can find…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-29 José D. Alvarado , Lucas Colucci , Roberto Parente

We establish new lower bounds for $28$ classical two and three color Ramsey numbers, and describe the heuristic search procedures we used. Several of the new three color bounds are derived from the two color constructions; specifically, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-21 Geoffrey Exoo , Milos Tatarevic
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