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The $n$-fold Darboux transformation $T_{n}$ of the focusing real mo\-di\-fied Kor\-te\-weg-de Vries (mKdV) equation is expressed in terms of the determinant representation. Using this representation, the $n$-soliton solutions of the mKdV…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2017-05-22 Qiuxia Xing , Zhiwei Wu , Dumitru Mihalache , Jingsong He

We consider 2-surfaces arising from the Korteweg de Vries (KdV) equation. The surfaces corresponding to KdV are in a three dimensional Minkowski space. They contain a family of quadratic Weingarten and Willmore-like surfaces. We show that a…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Metin Gurses , Suleyman Tek

We propose a numerical solution to the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation using a Crank-Nicolson scheme, and compare its performance to the Fast Fourier Transform method. The properties and interactions of soliton solutions are further…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2025-10-12 G. Bueno , M. Bonehill

Discrete integrable equations over finite fields are investigated. The indeterminacy of the equation is resolved by treating it over a field of rational functions instead of the finite field itself. The main discussion concerns a…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2012-08-21 Masataka Kanki , Jun Mada , Tetsuji Tokihiro

We study the recently-proposed hyperbolic approximation of the Korteweg-de Vries equation (KdV). We show that this approximation, which we call KdVH, possesses a rich variety of solutions, including solitary wave solutions that approximate…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-05 Abhijit Biswas , David I. Ketcheson , Hendrik Ranocha , Jochen Schütz

We study 2D discrete integrable equations of order 1 with respect to one independent variable and $m$ with respect to another one. A generalization of the multidimensional consistency property is proposed for this type of equations. The…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2014-08-27 V. E. Adler , V. V. Postnikov

We define bi-infinite versions of four well-studied discrete integrable models, namely the ultra-discrete KdV equation, the discrete KdV equation, the ultra-discrete Toda equation, and the discrete Toda equation. For each equation, we show…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2026-04-15 David A. Croydon , Makiko Sasada , Satoshi Tsujimoto

The paper presents two results. First it is shown how the discrete potential modified KdV equation and its Lax pairs in matrix form arise from the Hirota-Miwa equation by a 2-periodic reduction. Then Darboux transformations and binary…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2017-05-30 Ying Shi , Jonathan Nimmo , Junxiao Zhao

This note is an introduction to the properties of stable polynomials in several variables with real or complex coefficients. These polynomials are defined in terms of where the polynomial is non-vanishing. We do not cover well-known topics…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2008-03-04 Steve Fisk

The (1+1)-dimensional Sine-Gordon equation passes integrability tests commonly applied to nonlinear evolution equations. Its soliton solutions are obtained by a Hirota algorithm. In higher space-dimensions, the equation does not pass these…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2014-04-25 Yair Zarmi

We propose a numerical method for finding solitary wave solutions of generalized Korteweg-de Vries equations by solving the nonlinear eigenvalue problem on an unbounded domain. The artificial boundary conditions are obtained to make the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Houde Han , Zhenli Xu

We derive a general theorem relating the energy, momentum and velocity of any solitary wave solution of the generalized KdV equation which enables us to relate the amplitude, width, and momentum to the velocity of these solutions. We obtain…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2013-05-29 Fred Cooper , Avinash Khare , Avadh Saxena

Under investigation is a generalized (3 + 1)-dimensional B-type Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation with variable coefficients in fluid dynamics. Based on the Hirota's bilinear form and the positive quadratic function, abundant lump solutions…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2021-03-31 Wen-Hui Zhu , Jian-Guo Liu

We give an overview of the integrability of the Hirota-Kimura discretization method applied to algebraically completely integrable (a.c.i.) systems with quadratic vector fields. Along with the description of the basic mechanism of…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-05-19 Matteo Petrera , Andreas Pfadler , Yuri B. Suris

The discrete-time Toda equation arises as a universal equation for the relevant Hankel determinants associated with one-variable orthogonal polynomials through the mechanism of adjacency, which amounts to the inclusion of shifted weight…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-05-18 Paul E. Spicer , Frank W. Nijhoff , Peter H. van der Kamp

Universal geometric calculus simplifies and unifies the structure and notation of mathematics for all of science and engineering, and for technological applications. This paper treats the fundamentals of the multivector differential…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2013-06-11 Eckhard Hitzer

In this work, we consider the stability of solitons for the KdV equation below the energy space, using spatially-exponentially-weighted norms. Using a combination of the $I$-method and spectral analysis following Pego and Weinstein, we are…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-10-28 Brian Pigott , Sarah Raynor

Inspired by the forms of delay-Painleve equations, we consider some new differential-discrete systems of KdV, mKdV and Sine-Gordon - type related by simple one way Miura transformations to classical ones. Using Hirota bilinear formalism we…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-08-21 Nicoleta-Corina Babalic , A. S. Carstea

In a previous work[1] exact stable oblique soliton solutions were revealed in two dimensional nonlinear Schroedinger flow. In this work we show that single soliton solution can be expressed within the Hirota bilinear formalism. An attempt…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2012-07-03 E. G. Khamis , A. Gammal

It is revealed that there exist duality families of the KdV type equation. A duality family consists of an infinite number of generalized KdV (GKdV) equations. A duality transformation relates the GKdV equations in a duality family. Once a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-01-16 Xin Gu , Yuan-Yuan Liu , Wen-Du Li , Wu-Sheng Dai