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What advantage do \emph{sequential} procedures provide over batch algorithms for testing properties of unknown distributions? Focusing on the problem of testing whether two distributions $\mathcal{D}_1$ and $\mathcal{D}_2$ on $\{1,\dots,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Omar Fawzi , Nicolas Flammarion , Aurélien Garivier , Aadil Oufkir

Shadow tomography for quantum states provides a sample efficient approach for predicting the properties of quantum systems when the properties are restricted to expectation values of $2$-outcome POVMs. However, these shadow tomography…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-08 Weiyuan Gong , Scott Aaronson

Several well-studied models of access to data samples, including statistical queries, local differential privacy and low-communication algorithms rely on queries that provide information about a function of a single sample. (For example, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-02 Vitaly Feldman , Badih Ghazi

We give a highly efficient "semi-agnostic" algorithm for learning univariate probability distributions that are well approximated by piecewise polynomial density functions. Let $p$ be an arbitrary distribution over an interval $I$ which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-05-15 Siu-On Chan , Ilias Diakonikolas , Rocco A. Servedio , Xiaorui Sun

In the realm of robust optimization the k-adaptability approach is one promising method to derive approximate solutions for two-stage robust optimization problems. Instead of allowing all possible second-stage decisions, the k-adaptability…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-04 Jannis Kurtz

We study the problem of estimating the Earth Mover's Distance (EMD) between probability distributions when given access only to samples. We give closeness testers and additive-error estimators over domains in $[0, \Delta]^d$, with sample…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-04-03 Khanh Do Ba , Huy L Nguyen , Huy N Nguyen , Ronitt Rubinfeld

We study the interplay between the data distribution and Q-learning-based algorithms with function approximation. We provide a unified theoretical and empirical analysis as to how different properties of the data distribution influence the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Pedro P. Santos , Diogo S. Carvalho , Alberto Sardinha , Francisco S. Melo

This paper studies the problem of {\em learning} the probability distribution $P_X$ of a discrete random variable $X$ using indirect and sequential samples. At each time step, we choose one of the possible $K$ functions, $g_1, \ldots, g_K$…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-17 Samarth Gupta , Gauri Joshi , Osman Yağan

When deploying a trained machine learning model in the real world, it is inevitable to receive inputs from out-of-distribution (OOD) sources. For instance, in continual learning settings, it is common to encounter OOD samples due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Chuanwen Feng , Wenlong Chen , Ao Ke , Yilong Ren , Xike Xie , S. Kevin Zhou

Given a set $P$ of $n$ points in $\mathbf{R}^d$, and a positive integer $k \leq n$, the $k$-dispersion problem is that of selecting $k$ of the given points so that the minimum inter-point distance among them is maximized (under Euclidean…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Ke Chen , Adrian Dumitrescu

The classic problems of testing uniformity of and learning a discrete distribution, given access to independent samples from it, are examined under general $\ell_p$ metrics. The intuitions and results often contrast with the classic…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-24 Bo Waggoner

We consider a class of hypothesis testing problems where the null hypothesis postulates $M$ distributions for the observed data, and there is only one possible distribution under the alternative. We show that one can use a stochastic mirror…

Consider the following problem: given two arbitrary densities $q_1,q_2$ and a sample-access to an unknown target density $p$, find which of the $q_i$'s is closer to $p$ in total variation. A remarkable result due to Yatracos shows that this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Olivier Bousquet , Daniel Kane , Shay Moran

Distributed computing seems to be a natural approach to overcome size limitations of quantum computers in terms of number of qubits. But one lacks an efficient distribution approach to deal systematically with potential algorithms. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-08-21 Iaakov Exman , Efrat Levy

We consider the problem of learning a discrete distribution in the presence of an $\epsilon$ fraction of malicious data sources. Specifically, we consider the setting where there is some underlying distribution, $p$, and each data source…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-23 Mingda Qiao , Gregory Valiant

We consider the problem of testing whether an unknown $n$-variable Boolean function is a $k$-junta in the distribution-free property testing model, where the distance between function is measured with respect to an arbitrary and unknown…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Nader H. Bshouty

We study structured convex optimization problems, with additive objective $r:=p + q$, where $r$ is ($\mu$-strongly) convex, $q$ is $L_q$-smooth and convex, and $p$ is $L_p$-smooth, possibly nonconvex. For such a class of problems, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-31 Dmitry Kovalev , Aleksandr Beznosikov , Ekaterina Borodich , Alexander Gasnikov , Gesualdo Scutari

We consider the problem of identifying, from its first $m$ noisy moments, a probability distribution on $[0,1]$ of support $k<\infty$. This is equivalent to the problem of learning a distribution on $m$ observable binary random variables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Spencer Gordon , Bijan Mazaheri , Leonard J. Schulman , Yuval Rabani

One of the main subjects of this paper is to study quantum property testing with local measurement. In particular, we establish a novel $\ell_2$ norm connection between quantum property testing problems and the corresponding distribution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-14 Nengkun Yu

We study simple binary hypothesis testing under both local differential privacy (LDP) and communication constraints. We qualify our results as either minimax optimal or instance optimal: the former hold for the set of distribution pairs…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-19 Ankit Pensia , Amir R. Asadi , Varun Jog , Po-Ling Loh