Related papers: Unsolved problems in particle physics
Accelerator-based neutrino oscillation experiments have the potential to revolutionise our understanding of fundamental physics, offering an opportunity to characterise charge-parity violation in the lepton section, to determine the…
The Standard Model of particle physics may seem complicated and arbitrary, but it has hidden patterns that are revealed by the relationship between three "grand unified theories": theories that unify forces and particles by extending the…
We derive general constraints on the relic abundances of a long-lived particle which mainly decays into a neutrino (and something else) at cosmological time scales. Such an exotic particle may show up in various particle-physics models…
The major open questions in particle physics are summarized, as are the abilities of linear colliders of different energies to add to the knowledge obtainable from the LHC in various scenarios for physics beyond the Standard Model. A TeV…
The successes and shortcomings of the Standard Model are reviewed, with emphasis on the reasons motivating the need to extend it. The basic elements of grand unification and supersymmetry are described, exploring their phenomenological…
These four lectures constitute a gentle introduction to what may lie beyond the standard model of quarks and leptons interacting through $SU(3)_c \otimes SU(2)_L \otimes U(1)_Y$ gauge bosons, prepared for an audience of graduate students in…
Since the particles such as molecules, atoms and nuclei are composite particles, it is important to recognize that physics must be invariant for the composite particles and their constituent particles, this requirement is called particle…
Neutrinos are the second most abundant particle in the universe. Since the last 50 years, Neutrino physics has been a source of limelight in modern physics because of the incredible characteristics of this elusive particle. According to the…
The modern Standard cosmological model of inflationary Unvierse and baryosynthesis deeply involves particle theory beyond the Standard model (BSM). Inevitably, models of BSM physics lead to cosmological scenarios beyond the Standard…
The present experimental situation regarding neutrino oscillations is first summarized, followed by an overview of selected grand unified models which have been proposed to explain the various scenarios with three active neutrinos and their…
In recent years, criticism of the methodology of particle physics beyond the Standard Model has increased, diagnosing too much reliance on aesthetic criteria for theory development and evaluation. Faced with several decades of experimental…
This paper will consist of a selected, personal view of some of the issues associated with the intersections of nuclear and particle physics. As well as touching on the recent developments we will attempt to look at how those aspects of the…
Combining one established idea with two recent ones, it is pointed out for the first time that three of the outstanding problems of particle physics and cosmology, i.e. neutrino mass, dark matter, and baryogenesis, may have a common…
The current status of the physics of massive neutrinos is reviewed with a forward-looking emphasis. The article begins with the general phenomenology of neutrino oscillations in vacuum and matter and documents the experimental evidence for…
New physics beyond the electroweak scale may increase weak interaction cross sections beyond the Standard Model predictions. Such cross sections can be expected within theories that solve the hierarchy problem of known interactions with a…
Well over a century after the discovery of the electron, we are still faced with serious conceptual issues regarding precisely what an electron is. Since the development of particle physics and the Standard Model, we have accumulated a…
Recent discoveries in the field of neutrino oscillations have provided a unique window into physics beyond the standard model. In this lecture, I summarize how well we understand the various observations, what they tell us about the nature…
The discovery of neutrino oscillations provides a solid evidence for nonzero neutrino masses and leptonic mixing. The fact that neutrino masses are so tiny constitutes a puzzling problem in particle physics. From the theoretical viewpoint,…
The supersymmetric standard model with supergravity-inspired soft breaking terms predicts a rich pectrum of sparticles to be discovered at the SSC, LHC and NLC. Because there are more supersymmetric particles than unknown parameters, one…
Recently, conceptually new physics beyond the Standard Model has been proposed, where a hidden conformal sector provides ``unparticle'' which couples to the Standard Model sector through higher dimensional operators in low energy effective…