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Einstein's equation, in its standard form, breaks down at the Big Bang singularity. A new version, equivalent to Einstein's whenever the latter is defined, but applicable in wider situations, is proposed. The new equation remains smooth at…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-05-13 Ovidiu-Cristinel Stoica

Starting from the classic Friedmann-Robertson-Walker theory with big bang it is shown that the solutions of the field equations can be extended to negative times. Choosing a new cosmic time scale instead of proper time one achieves complete…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-07-03 Joachim Schroeter

Recently the neglected issue of the causal structure in the flat spacetime approach to Einstein's theory of gravity has been substantially resolved. Consistency requires that the flat metric's null cone be respected by the null cone of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Brian Pitts , W. C. Schieve

Singularities in General Relativity are regions where the description of spacetime in terms of a pseudo-Riemannian geometry breaks down. The theory seems unable to predict the evolution of the physical degrees of freedom around and beyond…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-16 Flavio Mercati

A regularization procedure has been recently suggested for regularizing Big Bang singularities in Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spacetimes. We argue that this procedure is only appliable to one case of Big Bang singularities…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-03-22 L. Fernández-Jambrina

We investigate a particular regularization of big bang singularity, which remains within the domain of 4-dimensional general relativity but allowing for degenerate metrics. We study the geodesics and geodesic congruences in the modified…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-29 Z. L. Wang

The Friedmann cosmological solution of the standard Einstein gravitational field equation has a curvature singularity at a moment in time known as the Big Bang. It has been suggested that this Big Bang curvature singularity can be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-09 Frans R. Klinkhamer

An approach is presented to address singularities in general relativity using a complex Riemannian spacetime extension. We demonstrate how this method can be applied to both black hole and cosmological singularities, specifically focusing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-14 John W. Moffat

This work presents the foundations of Singular Semi-Riemannian Geometry and Singular General Relativity, based on the author's research. An extension of differential geometry and of Einstein's equation to singularities is reported.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-01-27 Ovidiu Cristinel Stoica

In conventional general relativity, the expansion rate H of a Robertson-Walker universe is related to the energy density by the Friedmann equation. Aside from the present day, the only epoch at which we can constrain the expansion history…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Sean M. Carroll , Manoj Kaplinghat

The big bang singularity of the expanding-universe Friedmann solution of the Einstein gravitational field equation can be regularized by the introduction of a degenerate metric and a nonzero length scale $b$. The result is a nonsingular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-03-25 F. R. Klinkhamer

We develop a simple model to study classical fields on the background of a fluctuating spacetime volume. It is applied to formulate the stochastic Einstein equations with a perfect-fluid source. We investigate the particular case of a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-09-06 Vladimir Dzhunushaliev , Hernando Quevedo

We study the polymeric nature of quantum matter fields using the example of a Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker universe sourced by a minimally coupled massless scalar field. The model is treated in the symmetry reduced regime via…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-09-16 Andreas Kreienbuehl , Tomasz Pawlowski

Seminar held at JINR, Dubna, May 15, 2012. In General Relativity, spacetime singularities raise a number of problems, both mathematical and physical. One can identify a class of singularities - with smooth but degenerate metric - which,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-07-31 Ovidiu Cristinel Stoica

We analyze the quantum dynamics of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Universe in the context of a Generalized Uncertainty Principle. Since the isotropic Universe dynamics resembles that of a one-dimensional particle, we quantize it with the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Marco Valerio Battisti , Giovanni Montani

The initial singularity problem in standard general relativity is treated on the light of a viewpoint asserting that this formulation of Einstein's theory and its conformal formulations are physically equivalent. We show that flat…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-10-30 Israel Quiros

Following up on earlier work on the regularization of the singular Schwarzschild solution, we now apply the same procedure to the singular Friedmann solution. Specifically, we are able to remove the divergences of the big bang singularity,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-07-31 F. R. Klinkhamer

We study the asymptotic behaviour of solutions to the linear wave equation on cosmological spacetimes with Big Bang singularities and show that appropriately rescaled waves converge against a blow-up profile. Our class of spacetimes…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-08-01 David Fajman , Liam Urban

Einstein's equation is rewritten in an equivalent form, which remains valid at the singularities in some major cases. These cases include the Schwarzschild singularity, the Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker Big Bang singularity,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-05-05 Ovidiu-Cristinel Stoica

Big bang of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW)-brane universe is studied. In contrast to the spacelike initial singularity of the usual FRW universe, the initial singularity of the FRW-brane universe is point-like from the viewpoint of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Hideki Ishihara
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