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Within the birth environment of a massive globular cluster, the combination of a luminous young stellar population and a high column density induces a state in which the thermal optical depth and radiation pressure are both appreciable. In…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-10-11 Christopher D. Matzner

We analyze the first giant molecular cloud (GMC) simulation to follow the formation of individual stars and their feedback from jets, radiation, winds, and supernovae, using the STARFORGE framework in the GIZMO code. We evolve the GMC for…

The fragmentation of star-forming interstellar clouds, and the resulting stellar initial mass function (IMF), is strongly affected by the temperature structure of the collapsing gas. Since radiation feedback from embedded stars can modify…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-14 Mark R. Krumholz , Andrew J. Cunningham , Richard I. Klein , Christopher F. McKee

We use two hydrodynamical simulations (with and without photoionising feedback) of the self-consistent evolution of molecular clouds (MCs) undergoing global hierarchical collapse (GHC), to study the effect of the feedback on the structural…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-09-25 Alejandro González-Samaniego , Enrique Vazquez-Semadeni

We conduct a theoretical study of the formation of massive stars over a wide range of metallicities from 1e-5 to 1Zsun and evaluate the star formation efficiencies (SFEs) from prestellar cloud cores taking into account multiple feedback…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-18 Kei E. I. Tanaka , Jonathan C. Tan , Yichen Zhang , Takashi Hosokawa

In this contribution we review our recent numerical work discussing the essential role of the local cluster environment in assembling massive stars. First we show that massive stars are formed from low mass pre-stellar cores and become…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2010-08-31 Rowan J Smith , Paul C. Clark , Simon C. O. Glover , Ian A. Bonnell , Ralf S. Klessen

We review progress in numerical simulations of star cluster formation. These simulations involve the bottom-up assembly of clusters through hierarchical mergers, which produces a fractal stellar distribution at young (~0.5 Myr) ages. The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-14 Cathie Clarke

Star clusters host the massive stars responsible for feedback in star-forming galaxies. Stellar feedback shapes the interstellar medium (ISM), affecting the formation of future star clusters. To self-consistently capture the interplay…

We simulate the formation of a low metallicity (0.01 Zsun) stellar cluster in a dwarf galaxy at redshift z~14. Beginning with cosmological initial conditions, the simulation utilizes adaptive mesh refinement and sink particles to follow the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-12-02 Chalence Safranek-Shrader , Michael Montgomery , Milos Milosavljevic , Volker Bromm

The star cluster initial mass function is observed to have an inverse power law exponent around 2, yet there is no consensus on what determines this distribution, and why some variation is observed in different galaxies. Furthermore, the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-01-03 Eric P. Andersson , Mordecai-Mark Mac Low , Oscar Agertz , Florent Renaud , Hui Li

Star formation is intimately linked to the dynamical evolution of molecular clouds. Turbulent fragmentation determines where and when protostellar cores form, and how they contract and grow in mass via accretion from the surrounding cloud…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ralf Klessen

We present three Orion simulations of star cluster formation in a 1000 Msun, turbulent molecular cloud clump, including the effects of radiative transfer, protostellar outflows, and magnetic fields. Our simulations all use self-consistent…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-18 Andrew Myers , Richard Klein , Mark Krumholz , Chris McKee

We perform a large set of radiation hydrodynamics simulations of primordial star formation in a fully cosmological context. Our statistical sample of 100 First Stars show that the first generation of stars have a wide mass distribution…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-02-20 Shingo Hirano , Takashi Hosokawa , Naoki Yoshida , Hideyuki Umeda , Kazuyuki Omukai , Gen Chiaki , Harold W. Yorke

Star clusters interact with the interstellar medium (ISM) in various ways, most importantly in the destruction of molecular star-forming clouds, resulting in inefficient star formation on galactic scales. On cloud scales, ionizing radiation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-07-25 Daniel Rahner , Eric W. Pellegrini , Simon C. O. Glover , Ralf S. Klessen

The first stars in the universe ionized the ambient primordial gas through various feedback processes. "Second-generation" primordial stars potentially form from this disturbed gas after its recombination. In this Letter, we study the late…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Takashi Hosokawa , Naoki Yoshida , Kazuyuki Omukai , Harold W. Yorke

We have carried out hydro-dynamical simulations to investigate the formation and evolution of protostar and circumstellar disks from the prestellar cloud. As the initial state, we adopt the molecular cloud core with two non-dimensional…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-19 Yusuke Tsukamoto , Masahiro N. Machida

We review the properties of low mass dense molecular cloud cores, including starless, prestellar, and Class 0 protostellar cores, as derived from observations. In particular we discuss them in the context of the current debate surrounding…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. Ward-Thompson , P. Andre , R. Crutcher , D. Johnstone , T. Onishi , C. Wilson

We studied the effect of interstellar gas conditions on global galaxy simulations by considering three different models for the ISM. Our first model included only radiative cooling down to 300 K, our second model added an additional…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Elizabeth J. Tasker , Greg L. Bryan

The formation of star clusters involves the growth of smaller, gas-rich subclusters through accretion of gas from the giant molecular cloud within which the subclusters are embedded. The two main accretion mechanisms responsible for this…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-03-29 Jeremy Karam , Alison Sills

Star formation from the interstellar medium of galactic disks is a basic process controlling the evolution of galaxies. Understanding the star formation rate in a local patch of a disk with a given gas mass is thus an important challenge…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-06-14 Michael J. Butler , Jonathan C. Tan , Romain Teyssier , Joakim Rosdahl , Sven Van Loo , Sarah Nickerson