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Related papers: On Bayes' theorem for improper mixtures

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This paper addresses the issue of inversion in cases where (1) the observation system is modeled by a linear transformation and additive noise, (2) the problem is ill-posed and regularization is introduced in a Bayesian framework by an a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-12 Jean-François Giovannelli

Bayesian hierarchical models are frequently used in practical data analysis contexts. One interpretation of these models is that they provide an indirect way of assigning a prior for unknown parameters, through the introduction of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-01 Brendon J. Brewer

Bayesian model comparison requires the specification of a prior distribution on the parameter space of each candidate model. In this connection two concerns arise: on the one hand the elicitation task rapidly becomes prohibitive as the…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-02-16 Guido Consonni , Piero Veronese

In certain applications involving the solution of a Bayesian inverse problem, it may not be possible or desirable to evaluate the full posterior, e.g. due to the high computational cost of doing so. This problem motivates the use of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-27 Han Cheng Lie , T. J. Sullivan , Aretha Teckentrup

Due to their intuitive appeal, Bayesian methods of modeling and uncertainty quantification have become popular in modern machine and deep learning. When providing a prior distribution over the parameter space, it is straightforward to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-05 Ivan Melev , Goeran Kauermann

Typical Bayesian inference requires parameter identification via likelihood parameterization, which has invited criticism for being less flexible than the Frequentist framework and subject to misspecification. Though misspecification may be…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-29 Vivian Y. Meng , David A. Stephens

Suppose that we have two training sequences generated by parametrized distributions $P_{\theta^*}$ and $P_{\xi^*}$, where $\theta^*$ and $\xi^*$ are unknown true parameters. Given training sequences, we study the problem of classifying…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Shota Saito , Toshiyasu Matsushima

Bayesian inference and the use of posterior or posterior predictive probabilities for decision making have become increasingly popular in clinical trials. The current practice in Bayesian clinical trials relies on a hybrid…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-30 Shirin Golchi , James Willard

Especially when facing reliability data with limited information (e.g., a small number of failures), there are strong motivations for using Bayesian inference methods. These include the option to use information from physics-of-failure or…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-27 Qinglong Tian , Colin Lewis-Beck , Jarad Niemi , William Meeker

Bayesian inference allows machine learning models to express uncertainty. Current machine learning models use only a single learnable parameter combination when making predictions, and as a result are highly overconfident when their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Andrew Wood , Moshik Hershcovitch , Daniel Waddington , Sarel Cohen , Peter Chin

Semiparametric mixture models are parametric models with latent variables. They are defined kernel, $p_\theta(x | z)$, where z is the unknown latent variable, and $\theta$ is the parameter of interest. We assume that the latent variables…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-03 Stefan Franssen , Jeanne Nguyen , Aad van der Vaart

A quantum probability measure is a function on a sigma-algebra of subsets of a (locally compact and Hausdorff) sample space that satisfies the formal requirements for a measure, but whose values are positive operators acting on a complex…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-03 Douglas Farenick , Michael J. Kozdron

Establishing that a set of population-splitting events occurred at the same time can be a potentially persuasive argument that a common process affected the populations. Oaks et al. (2013) assessed the ability of an approximate-Bayesian…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2014-11-26 Jamie R. Oaks , Charles W. Linkem , Jeet Sukumaran

We consider the specification of prior distributions for Bayesian model comparison, focusing on regression-type models. We propose a particular joint specification of the prior distribution across models so that sensitivity of posterior…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-07-25 Petros Dellaportas , Jonathan J. Forster , Ioannis Ntzoufras

We demonstrate that the principle of maximum relative entropy (ME), used judiciously, can ease the specification of priors in model selection problems. The resulting effect is that models that make sharp predictions are disfavoured,…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-12-07 Brendon J. Brewer , Matthew J. Francis

In a probability-based reasoning system, Bayes' theorem and its variations are often used to revise the system's beliefs. However, if the explicit conditions and the implicit conditions of probability assignments `me properly distinguished,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-08 Pei Wang

Mixture models are one of the most widely used statistical tools when dealing with data from heterogeneous populations. This paper considers the long-standing debate over finite mixture and infinite mixtures and brings the two modelling…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-04-23 Raffaele Argiento , Maria De Iorio

Random effects model can account for the lack of fitting a regression model and increase precision of estimating area-level means. However, in case that the synthetic mean provides accurate estimates, the prior distribution may inflate an…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-12-05 Shonosuke Sugasawa , Tatsuya Kubokawa , Kota Ogasawara

Estimating unknown parameters subject to prior constraints is important in statistical inference, particularly in fields such as reliability analysis, survival studies, and engineering, where prior structural information about the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Somnath Mondal

Parameter estimates for associated genetic variants, report ed in the initial discovery samples, are often grossly inflated compared to the values observed in the follow-up replication samples. This type of bias is a consequence of the…

Applications · Statistics 2011-04-15 Lizhen Xu , Radu V. Craiu , Lei Sun