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The determinantal complexity of a polynomial $P \in \mathbb{F}[x_1, \ldots, x_n]$ over a field $\mathbb{F}$ is the dimension of the smallest matrix $M$ whose entries are affine functions in $\mathbb{F}[x_1, \ldots, x_n]$ such that $P =…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Mrinal Kumar , Ben Lee Volk

Let $\mathbb{F}_q$ denote the finite field of $q$ elements and $\mathbb{F}_{q^n}$ the degree $n$ extension of $\mathbb{F}_q$. A normal basis of $\mathbb{F}_{q^n}$ over $\mathbb{F} _q$ is a basis of the form…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-07-27 Hua Huang , Shanmeng Han , Wei Cao

The complexities of self-dual normal bases, which are candidates for the lowest complexity basis of some defined extensions, are determined with the help of the number of all but the simple points in well chosen minimal Besicovitch…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-02 Stéphane Blondeau da Silva

Recent work of Pickett has given a construction of self-dual normal bases for extensions of finite fields, whenever they exist. In this article we present these results in an explicit and constructive manner and apply them, through computer…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-03-06 François Arnault , Erik Jarl Pickett , Stéphane Vinatier

Let $K=\mathbb{Q}[\iota]$ and $N=K[\sqrt[4]{\alpha}]$, $\alpha\in\mathbb{Z}[\iota]$, $alpha=fg^2h^3$, $f$, $g$, $h\in \mathbb{Z}[\iota]$ are pairwise coprime and square free. Let $\mathcal{O}_N$ be the ring of integers of $N$. In this…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-24 S. Venkataraman , Manisha V. Kulkarni

We present a randomized quantum algorithm for polynomial factorization over finite fields. For polynomials of degree $n$ over a finite field $\F_q$, the average-case complexity of our algorithm is an expected $O(n^{1 + o(1)} \log^{2 +…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2018-12-14 Javad Doliskani

The celebrated Primitive Normal Basis Theorem states that for any $n\ge 2$ and any finite field $\mathbb F_q$, there exists an element $\alpha\in \mathbb F_{q^n}$ that is simultaneously primitive and normal over $\mathbb F_q$. In this…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-29 Giorgos Kapetanakis , Lucas Reis

We study the complexity (that is, the weight of the multiplication table) of the elliptic normal bases introduced by Couveignes and Lercier. We give an upper bound on the complexity of these elliptic normal bases, and we analyze the weight…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Daniel Panario , Mohamadou Sall , Qiang Wang

In this paper, we prove that a binary definite quadratic form over F_q[t], where q is odd, is completely determined up to equivalence by the polynomials it represents up to degree 3m-2, where m is the degree of its discriminant. We also…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-11-15 Jean Bureau , Jorge Morales

In previous work we computed the number $C_n(q)$ of ideals of codimension $n$ of the algebra ${\mathbb{F}}_q[x,y,x^{-1}, y^{-1}]$ of two-variable Laurent polynomials over a finite field: it turned out that $C_n(q)$ is a palindromic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-11 Christian Kassel , Christophe Reutenauer

Let $q$ be a power of $2$ and let $\mathbb{F}_q$ be the finite field with $q$ elements. For a positive integer $n$, the polynomial $X^n-1\in\mathbb{F}_q[X]$ is called $3$-sparse over $\mathbb{F}_q$ if every monic irreducible factor of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-27 Kaimin Cheng

We revisit the characterization of \emph{trivial} isochronous centers for planar polynomial Hamiltonian systems in degrees $5$ and $7$ obtained by Braun--Llibre--Mereu, and we formalize two conclusions suggested by their method. First, a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-10-31 J. A. Vera

Define $||n||$ to be the complexity of $n$, the smallest number of ones needed to write $n$ using an arbitrary combination of addition and multiplication. The set $\mathscr{D}$ of defects, differences $\delta(n):=||n||-3\log_3 n$, is known…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-20 Harry Altman , Juan Arias de Reyna

A new criterion on normal bases of finite field extension $\mathbb{F}_{q^n} / \mathbb{F}_{q}$ is presented and explicit criterions for several particular finite field extensions are derived from this new criterion.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-07-15 Aixian Zhang , Keqin Feng

In the present note we study the interrelations between the sets of so-called typical numbers and numbers that are normal in base two. Employing results by Nakai and Shiokawa, we exhibit examples of numbers that belong to one set but do not…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-01-23 Jakub Tomaszewski

We present a new method to calculate analytically the roots of the general complex polynomial of degree three. Thismethod is based on the approach of appropriated changes of variable involving an arbitrary parameter. The advantageof this…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2018-01-22 Ibrahim Baydoun

In this paper, we propose new lower and upper bounds on the linear extension complexity of regular $n$-gons. Our bounds are based on the equivalence between the computation of (i) an extended formulation of size $r$ of a polytope $P$, and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-05-01 Arnaud Vandaele , Nicolas Gillis , François Glineur

We establish a criterion for a complex number to be algebraic over Q of degree at most two. It requires that, for any sufficiently large real number X, there exists a non-zero polynomial with integral coefficients, of degree at most two and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Benoit Arbour , Damien Roy

We establish a lower bound for the complexity of multiplying two skew polynomials. The lower bound coincides with the upper bound conjectured by Caruso and Borgne in 2017, up to a log factor. We present algorithms for three special cases,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Qiyuan Chen , Ke Ye

We define q-Catalan bases which are a generalization of the q-polynomials z^n(z,q)_n. The determination of their dual bases involves some q-power series termed dual coefficients. We show how these dual coefficients occur in the solution of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-11-28 Ph. Barbe , W. P. McCormick
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