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This manual describes the PYTHIA 8.3 event generator, the most recent version of an evolving physics tool used to answer fundamental questions in particle physics. The program is most often used to generate high-energy-physics collision…

The main parts of the LHC diffractive physics programme possible to be measured using a proton tagging technique are presented. The geometric acceptance of the ATLAS forward proton detectors: ALFA and AFP for various LHC optics settings are…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2016-06-06 Maciej Trzebinski

Experimental results in diffractive processes are summarized and a few notable characteristics described in terms of Quantum Chromodynamics. Exclusive dijet production is used to establish a benchmark for future experiments in the quest for…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Michele Gallinaro

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of particle production in proton-proton ($pp$) collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV using Pythia~8 event generator. We investigate the transverse momentum $p_T$ spectra of light charged hadrons…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-04-09 Rabia Bashir , Ramoona Shahzadi , M. U. Ashraf

The most important results on hadronic diffractive phenomena obtained at HERA and Tevtaron are reviewed and new issues in nucleon tomography are discussed. Some challenges for understanding diffraction at the LHC, including the discovering…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-09 Laurent Schoeffel

A study of forward energy flow and central charged-particle multiplicity in events with W and Z bosons decaying into leptons is presented. The analysis uses a sample of 7 TeV pp collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2015-03-19 CMS Collaboration

The fractal and phase transitional properties of each type of pions (i.e. $\pi^{\pm,0}$) through one-dimensional $\eta-$space, at an energy of $\sqrt{s}=13~$TeV, have been studied with the help of the Scaled Factorial Moment (SFM)…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-09-05 Tumpa Biswas , Dibakar Dhar , Azharuddin Ahmed , Prabir Kumar Haldar , Abdel Nasser Tawfik

We examine the use of hadronic event generators, such as Pythia or Herwig, to estimate the production rate of loosely-bound hadronic molecules, such as the deuteron and the X(3872). In the case of the deuteron, we point out that there are…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-02-28 Pierre Artoisenet , Eric Braaten

The lepton identification is essential for the physics programs at high-energy frontier, especially for the precise measurement of the Higgs boson. For this purpose, a Toolkit for Multivariate Data Analysis (TMVA) based lepton…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-10-11 Dan Yu , Manqi Ruan , Vincent Boudry , Henri Videau

We calculate differential distributions for the $p p \to p p \gamma$ reaction at the LHC energy $\sqrt{s} = 14$ TeV. We consider diffractive classical bremsstrahlung mechanisms including effects of non point-like nature of protons. In…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-15 Piotr Lebiedowicz , Antoni Szczurek

The sphericity distribution in minimum bias events obtained with PYTHIA event generator, incorporating different parton distribution functions is presented. The results show that for minimum bias pp collisions the sphericity distribution…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-01-06 E. Cuautle , A. Ortiz , G. Paic

The most important results on subnuclear diffractive phenomena obtained at HERA and Tevtaron are reviewed and new issues in nucleon tomography are discussed. Some challenges for understanding diffraction at the LHC, including the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-05-27 Laurent Schoeffel

The exclusive diffractive production of vector mesons and real photons in ep collisions has been studied at HERA in a wide kinematic range. Here the most recent experimental results are presented together with a Regge-type model and…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2016-09-08 S. Fazio

The most important results on subnuclear diffractive phenomena obtained at HERA and Tevtaron are reviewed and new issues in nucleon tomography are discussed. Some challenges for understanding diffraction at the LHC, including the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-06-12 L. Schoeffel

The diffractive dissociation of virtual photons, gamma*p -> Xp, has been studied with the ZEUS detector at HERA by requiring a large rapidity gap between X and the outgoing proton, by analysing the mass distribution, M_X, of the hadronic…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2008-08-07 Marta Ruspa

The production of dijets is measured in diffractive deep-inelastic scattering at HERA. The data were recorded with the H1 detector at DESY in the years 2003-2007. Diffractive events are selected by requiring a gap in the rapidity…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2015-08-20 Stefan Schmitt

The energy dependence of charged-hadron production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is investigated in a nonequilibrium-statistical relativistic diffusion model (RDM) with three sources. Theoretical pseudorapidity distributions are…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-04-20 Georg Wolschin

In this contribution the new event generation framework Sherpa will be presented. It aims at the full simulation of events at current and future high-energy experiments, in particular the LHC. Some results related to the production of jets…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-12-18 T. Gleisberg , S. Hoeche , F. Krauss , A. Schaelicke , S. Schumann , J. Winter

The measurement of diffractively scattered protons in the ATLAS Forward Physics detector system placed 220 m away from the ATLAS interaction point is studied. A parameterisation of the scattered proton transport through the LHC magnet…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2009-12-17 R. Staszewski , J. Chwastowski

In the standard pQCD picture particles are produced via the parton jet fragmentation process. However, there are also other production mechanisms like higher twist (HT) processes. A usual example of a HT process is a direct production of an…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2015-06-22 Esko Pohjoisaho