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Related papers: Robust Learning via Cause-Effect Models

200 papers

It has long been hypothesised that causal reasoning plays a fundamental role in robust and general intelligence. However, it is not known if agents must learn causal models in order to generalise to new domains, or if other inductive biases…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Jonathan Richens , Tom Everitt

A key assumption in supervised learning is that training and test data follow the same probability distribution. However, this fundamental assumption is not always satisfied in practice, e.g., due to changing environments, sample selection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Nan Lu , Tianyi Zhang , Tongtong Fang , Takeshi Teshima , Masashi Sugiyama

We pose causal inference as the problem of learning to classify probability distributions. In particular, we assume access to a collection $\{(S_i,l_i)\}_{i=1}^n$, where each $S_i$ is a sample drawn from the probability distribution of $X_i…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-05-20 David Lopez-Paz , Krikamol Muandet , Bernhard Schölkopf , Ilya Tolstikhin

We present a new model and methods for the posterior drift problem where the regression function in the target domain is modeled as a linear adjustment (on an appropriate scale) of that in the source domain, an idea that inherits the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-14 Subha Maity , Diptavo Dutta , Jonathan Terhorst , Yuekai Sun , Moulinath Banerjee

Learning representations that capture the underlying data generating process is a key problem for data efficient and robust use of neural networks. One key property for robustness which the learned representation should capture and which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Mathieu Chevalley , Charlotte Bunne , Andreas Krause , Stefan Bauer

Machine learning models frequently experience performance drops under distribution shifts. The underlying cause of such shifts may be multiple simultaneous factors such as changes in data quality, differences in specific covariate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Haoran Zhang , Harvineet Singh , Marzyeh Ghassemi , Shalmali Joshi

With the recent advances in the field of deep learning, learning-based methods are widely being implemented in various robotic systems that help robots understand their environment and make informed decisions to achieve a wide variety of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Abhishek Paudel

The basic underlying assumption of machine learning (ML) models is that the training and test data are sampled from the same distribution. However, in daily practice, this assumption is often broken, i.e. the distribution of the test data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Adriana Valentina Costache , Silviu Florin Gheorghe , Eduard Gabriel Poesina , Paul Irofti , Radu Tudor Ionescu

Learning from demonstrations (LfD) is an efficient paradigm to train AI agents. But major issues arise when there are differences between (a) the demonstrator's own sensory input, (b) our sensors that observe the demonstrator and (c) the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Jalal Etesami , Philipp Geiger

A key problem in the theory of meta-learning is to understand how the task distributions influence transfer risk, the expected error of a meta-learner on a new task drawn from the unknown task distribution. In this paper, focusing on fixed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-15 Mikhail Konobeev , Ilja Kuzborskij , Csaba Szepesvári

Training machine learning models from data with weak supervision and dataset shifts is still challenging. Designing algorithms when these two situations arise has not been explored much, and existing algorithms cannot always handle the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Pierre Nodet , Vincent Lemaire , Alexis Bondu , Antoine Cornuéjols

In real-world classification problems, the class balance in the training dataset does not necessarily reflect that of the test dataset, which can cause significant estimation bias. If the class ratio of the test dataset is known, instance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-06-22 Marthinus Du Plessis , Masashi Sugiyama

The dominating NLP paradigm of training a strong neural predictor to perform one task on a specific dataset has led to state-of-the-art performance in a variety of applications (eg. sentiment classification, span-prediction based question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Paul Michel

Transfer learning is essential when sufficient data comes from the source domain, with scarce labeled data from the target domain. We develop estimators that achieve minimax linear risk for linear regression problems under distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Qi Lei , Wei Hu , Jason D. Lee

The inaccessibility of controlled randomized trials due to inherent constraints in many fields of science has been a fundamental issue in causal inference. In this paper, we focus on distinguishing the cause from effect in the bivariate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-23 Jean-Francois Ton , Dino Sejdinovic , Kenji Fukumizu

Training models that perform well under distribution shifts is a central challenge in machine learning. In this paper, we introduce a modeling framework where, in addition to training data, we have partial structural knowledge of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Tobias Sutter , Andreas Krause , Daniel Kuhn

In this paper, we study a transfer reinforcement learning problem where the state transitions and rewards are affected by the environmental context. Specifically, we consider a demonstrator agent that has access to a context-aware policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Yan Zhang , Michael M. Zavlanos

Meta-learning has proven to be successful for few-shot learning across the regression, classification, and reinforcement learning paradigms. Recent approaches have adopted Bayesian interpretations to improve gradient-based meta-learners by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Amrith Setlur , Saket Dingliwal , Barnabas Poczos

Structural causal models describe how the components of a robotic system interact. They provide both structural and functional information about the relationships that are present in the system. The structural information outlines the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Alejandro Murillo-Gonzalez , Junhong Xu , Lantao Liu

We examine the influence of input data representations on learning complexity. For learning, we posit that each model implicitly uses a candidate model distribution for unexplained variations in the data, its noise model. If the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-21 Julian Zilly , Lorenz Hetzel , Andrea Censi , Emilio Frazzoli