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In machine learning we often encounter structured output prediction problems (SOPPs), i.e. problems where the output space admits a rich internal structure. Application domains where SOPPs naturally occur include natural language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Waleed Mustafa , Yunwen Lei , Antoine Ledent , Marius Kloft

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) yield internally valid causal effect estimates, but generalizing these results to target populations with different characteristics requires an untestable selection ignorability assumption: conditional on…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-31 Amir Asiaee , Samhita Pal , Jared D. Huling

Instrumental variable models allow us to identify a causal function between covariates $X$ and a response $Y$, even in the presence of unobserved confounding. Most of the existing estimators assume that the error term in the response $Y$…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-23 Sorawit Saengkyongam , Leonard Henckel , Niklas Pfister , Jonas Peters

This paper conducts sensitivity analysis of random constraint and variational systems related to stochastic optimization and variational inequalities. We establish efficient conditions for well-posedness, in the sense of robust Lipschitzian…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-13 Boris S. Mordukhovich , Pedro Pérez-Aros

Variance-based sensitivity indices have established themselves as a reference among practitioners of sensitivity analysis of model output. It is not unusual to consider a variance-based sensitivity analysis as informative if it produces at…

We develop a new generalized coupling approach to the study of stochastic delay equations with H\"older continuous coefficients, for which analytical PDE-based methods are not available. We prove that such equations possess unique weak…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-08-21 Alexei Kulik , Michael Scheutzow

Compositional data are common in many fields, both as outcomes and predictor variables. The inventory of models for the case when both the outcome and predictor variables are compositional is limited and the existing models are difficult to…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-04-20 Jacob Fiksel , Scott Zeger , Abhirup Datta

In this paper, we propose a Spatial Robust Mixture Regression model to investigate the relationship between a response variable and a set of explanatory variables over the spatial domain, assuming that the relationships may exhibit complex…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-30 Wennan Chang , Pengtao Dang , Changlin Wan , Xiaoyu Lu , Yue Fang , Tong Zhao , Yong Zang , Bo Li , Chi Zhang , Sha Cao

We present a novel semantic framework for modeling linguistic expressions of generalization---generic, habitual, and episodic statements---as combinations of simple, real-valued referential properties of predicates and their arguments. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Venkata Subrahmanyan Govindarajan , Benjamin Van Durme , Aaron Steven White

One-dimensional Poincare inequalities are used in Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) to provide derivative-based upper bounds and approximations of Sobol indices. We add new perspectives by investigating weighted Poincare inequalities. Our…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-12-09 David Heredia , Aldéric Joulin , Olivier Roustant

The accuracy of probability distributions inferred using machine-learning algorithms heavily depends on data availability and quality. In practical applications it is therefore fundamental to investigate the robustness of a statistical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-01 Christiane Goergen , Manuele Leonelli

This paper introduces a new latent variable generative model able to handle high dimensional longitudinal data and relying on variational inference. The time dependency between the observations of an input sequence is modelled using…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-28 Clément Chadebec , Stéphanie Allassonnière

Through a redefinition of patterns in an Hopfield-like model, we introduce and develop an approach to model discrete systems made up of many, interacting components with inner degrees of freedom. Our approach clarifies the intrinsic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-19 Elena Agliari , Adriano Barra

The paper introduces a generalization for known probabilistic models such as log-linear and graphical models, called here multiplicative models. These models, that express probabilities via product of parameters are shown to capture…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-06-18 Ydo Wexler , Christopher Meek

We consider the estimation of measures of model performance in a target population when covariate and outcome data are available on a sample from some source population and covariate data, but not outcome data, are available on a simple…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-16 Jon A. Steingrimsson , Sarah E. Robertson , Issa J. Dahabreh

A fundamental task in statistical learning is quantifying the joint dependence or association between two continuous random variables. We introduce a novel, fully non-parametric measure that assesses the degree of association between…

The variance-based method of global sensitivity indices based on Sobol sensitivity indices became very popular among practitioners due to its easiness of interpretation. For complex practical problems computation of Sobol indices generally…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-06-03 Sergei Kucherenko , Shufang Song

Dependency networks (Heckerman et al., 2000) provide a flexible framework for modeling complex systems with many variables by combining independently learned local conditional distributions through pseudo-Gibbs sampling. Despite their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Kazuya Takabatake , Shotaro Akaho

Inferential challenges that arise when data are censored have been extensively studied under the classical frameworks. In this paper, we provide an alternative generalized inferential model approach whose output is a data-dependent…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-16 Joyce Cahoon , Ryan Martin

In the context of air quality control, our objective is to quantify the impact of uncertain inputs such as meteorological conditions and traffic parameters on pollutant dispersion maps. It is worth noting that the majority of sensitivity…