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The detection of a stochastic background of long-wavelength gravitational waves (tensors) in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy would be an invaluable probe of the high energy physics of the early universe. Unfortunately a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. P. Zibin , Douglas Scott , Martin White

Gravitational waves (GWs) from distant sources such as inspiralling and merging stellar-mass compact binaries, intermediate-mass and supermassive-binary-black-hole can be gravitationally lensed by intervening objects, ranging from stars and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-19 Zhiwei Chen , Youjun Lu

The detection and characterization of the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) is one of the main goals of Gravitational Wave (GW) experiments. The observed SGWB will be the combination of GWs from cosmological (as predicted by…

Gravitational interaction of cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons with matter perturbations present along the line-of-sight to the surface of last scattering modifies the shape of the CMB anisotropy power spectrum. Here I focus on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-07-28 Radek Stompor

The cosmic microwave background (CMB) represents a unique source for the study of gravitational lensing. It is extended across the entire sky, partially polarized, located at the extreme distance of z=1100, and is thought to have the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Duncan Hanson , Anthony Challinor , Antony Lewis

Searches for primordial gravitational waves have resulted in constraints in a large frequency range from a variety of sources. The standard Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) technique is to parameterise the tensor power spectrum in terms of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-14 Thomas J. Clarke , Edmund J. Copeland , Adam Moss

The advent of gravitational-wave (GW) astronomy has presented us with a completely new means for observing the Universe, allowing us to probe its structure and evolution like never before. In this thesis, we explore three distinct but…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-03-14 Alexander C. Jenkins

Gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), a long-standing prediction of the standard cosmolgical model, is ultimately expected to be an important source of cosmological information, but first detection has not been…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 Kendrick M. Smith , Oliver Zahn , Olivier Dore

One of the major predictions of inflation is the existence of a stochastic background of cosmological gravitational waves (GW). These gravitational waves can induce significant temperature anisotropies in the Cosmic Microwave Background…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Alessandro Melchiorri , Carolina Odman

Characterizing the physical properties of the stochastic gravitational waves background (SGWB) is a key step towards identifying the nature of its possible origin. We focus our analysis on SGWB anisotropies. The existence of a non-trivial…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-14 Peter Adshead , Niayesh Afshordi , Emanuela Dimastrogiovanni , Matteo Fasiello , Eugene A. Lim , Gianmassimo Tasinato

The production of a primordial stochastic gravitational-wave background by processes occuring in the early Universe is expected in a broad range of models. Observing this background would open a unique window onto the Universe's…

Gravitational lensing of the microwave background by the intervening dark matter mainly arises from large-angle fluctuations in the projected gravitational potential and hence offers a unique opportunity to study the physics of the dark…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-12 Takemi Okamoto , Wayne Hu

We demonstrate how to obtain optimal constraints on a primordial gravitational wave component in lensed Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data under ideal conditions. We first derive an estimator of the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, by using…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-20 Julien Carron

We discuss the polarization signature of primordial gravitational waves imprinted in cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies. The high-energy physics motivated by superstring theory or M-theory generically yield parity violating…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Shun Saito , Kiyotomo Ichiki , Atsushi Taruya

We discuss the influence of gravitational waves (GWs) upon the polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR). We show how to compute the {\em rms} temperature anisotropy and polarisation of the CMBR induced by GWs of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-08 R. A. Frewin , A. G. Polnarev , P. Coles

The effects of gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) have been measured at high significance with existing data and will be measured even more precisely in future surveys. Reversing the effects of lensing on the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-20 Selim C. Hotinli , Joel Meyers , Cynthia Trendafilova , Daniel Green , Alexander van Engelen

General relativity (GR) predicts concordant trajectories for photons and gravitational waves (GW). We propose a new multi-messenger avenue (GW-CMB-CMB) to prove this aspect of fundamental physics by cross-correlating the GW signal of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-25 Suvodip Mukherjee , Benjamin D. Wandelt , Joseph Silk

Gravitational wave (GW) observations probe both a diffuse, stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) as well as individual cataclysmic events such as the merger of two compact objects. The detection and description of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-28 Eleanor Gleave , Andrew Jaffe

We generalize to reduced Horndeski theories of gravity, where gravitational waves (GWs) travel at the speed of light, the expression of a statistically homogeneous and unpolarized stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) signal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-01 João C. Lobato , Isabela S. Matos , Maurício O. Calvão , Ioav Waga