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We develop error-tolerant quantum state discrimination(QSD) strategies that maintain reliable performance under moderate noise. Two complementary approaches are proposed: CrossQSD, which generalizes unambiguous discrimination with tunable…
We introduce the problem of *shadow tomography*: given an unknown $D$-dimensional quantum mixed state $\rho$, as well as known two-outcome measurements $E_{1},\ldots,E_{M}$, estimate the probability that $E_{i}$ accepts $\rho$, to within…
The general sequential decision-making problem, which includes Markov decision processes (MDPs) and partially observable MDPs (POMDPs) as special cases, aims at maximizing a cumulative reward by making a sequence of decisions based on a…
In this paper, we propose a method to discriminate two extremely similar quantum states via a weak measurement. For the two states with equal prior probabilities, the optimum discrimination probability given by Ivanovic-Dieks-Peres limit…
We present theory and experiment for the task of discriminating two nonorthogonal states, given multiple copies. We implement several local measurement schemes, on both pure states and states mixed by depolarizing noise. We find that…
Laser light is widely used for communication and sensing applications, so the optimal discrimination of coherent states--the quantum states of light emitted by a laser--has immense practical importance. However, quantum mechanics imposes a…
We present the conditions under which probabilistic error-free discrimination of mixed states is possible, and provide upper and lower bounds on the maximum probability of success for the case of two mixed states. We solve certain special…
The ability to uniquely identify a quantum state is integral to quantum science, but for non-orthogonal states, quantum mechanics precludes deterministic, error-free discrimination. However, using the non-deterministic protocol of…
Quantum hypothesis testing (QHT) concerns the statistical inference of unknown quantum states. In the general setting of composite hypotheses, the goal of QHT is to determine whether an unknown quantum state belongs to one or another of two…
Accurate control of quantum states is crucial for quantum computing and other quantum technologies. In the basic scenario, the task is to steer a quantum system towards a target state through a sequence of control operations. Determining…
We consider the problem of detecting the true quantum state among $r$ possible ones, based of measurements performed on $n$ copies of a finite-dimensional quantum system. A special case is the problem of discriminating between $r$…
Finding the closest separable state to a given target state is a notoriously difficult task, even more difficult than deciding whether a state is entangled or separable. To tackle this task, we parametrize separable states with a neural…
We present quantum observable Markov decision processes (QOMDPs), the quantum analogues of partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs). In a QOMDP, an agent's state is represented as a quantum state and the agent can choose a…
We study quantum hypothesis testing between orthogonal states under restricted local measurements in the many-copy scenario. For testing arbitrary multipartite entangled pure state against its orthogonal complement state via the local…
The problem of quantum state filtering consists of determining whether an unknown quantum state, which is chosen from a known set of states, is either a particular, specified state, or not. We consider this problem for the case that the…
Shadow tomography for quantum states provides a sample efficient approach for predicting the properties of quantum systems when the properties are restricted to expectation values of $2$-outcome POVMs. However, these shadow tomography…
Quantum state exclusion is the task of identifying at least one state from a known set that was not used in the preparation of a quantum system. A set of quantum states is said to admit state exclusion if there exists a measurement whose…
In a general optimized measurement scheme for discriminating between nonorthogonal quantum states, the error rate is minimized under the constraint of a fixed rate of inconclusive outcomes (FRIO). This so-called optimal FRIO measurement…
The uncertainty relation is a fundamental concept in quantum theory, plays a pivotal role in various quantum information processing tasks. In this study, we explore the additive uncertainty relation pertaining to two or more observables, in…
We propose two experimental schemes for quantum state discrimination that achieve the optimal tradeoff between the probability of correct identification and the disturbance on the quantum state.