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We present here a new and universal approach for the study of random and/or trees, unifying in one framework many different models, including some novel ones not yet understood in the literature. An and/or tree is a Boolean expression…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-06-09 Nicolas Broutin , Cécile Mailler

We study nongeneric planar trees and prove the existence of a Gibbs measure on infinite trees obtained as a weak limit of the finite volume measures. It is shown that in the infinite volume limit there arises exactly one vertex of infinite…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-01-05 Thordur Jonsson , Sigurdur Orn Stefansson

We consider critical percolation on Galton-Watson trees and prove quenched analogues of classical theorems of critical branching processes. We show that the probability critical percolation reaches depth $n$ is asymptotic to a…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Marcus Michelen

We consider the behaviour of minimax recursions defined on random trees. Such recursions give the value of a general class of two-player combinatorial games. We examine in particular the case where the tree is given by a Galton-Watson…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-06-21 James B. Martin , Roman Stasiński

We are interested in the local limits of families of random trees that satisfy the Markov branching property, which is fulfilled by a wide range of models. Loosely, this property entails that given the sizes of the sub-trees above the root,…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-08-26 Camille Pagnard

Consider a family of random ordered graph trees $(T_n)_{n\geq 1}$, where $T_n$ has $n$ vertices. It has previously been established that if the associated search-depth processes converge to the normalised Brownian excursion when rescaled…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-10-24 David A. Croydon

We discuss several connections between discrete and continuous random trees. In the discrete setting, we focus on Galton-Watson trees under various conditionings. In particular, we present a simple approach to Aldous' theorem giving the…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jean-Francois Le Gall

We establish a novel bijective encoding that represents permutations as forests of decorated (or enriched) trees. This allows us to prove local convergence of uniform random permutations from substitution-closed classes satisfying a…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-07-01 Jacopo Borga , Mathilde Bouvel , Valentin Féray , Benedikt Stufler

Take a continuous-time Galton-Watson tree. If the system survives until a large time $T$, then choose $k$ particles uniformly from those alive. What does the ancestral tree drawn out by these $k$ particles look like? Some special cases are…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-02-14 Simon C. Harris , Samuel G. G. Johnston , Matthew I. Roberts

We consider the number of nodes in the levels of unlabelled rooted random trees and show that the stochastic process given by the properly scaled level sizes weakly converges to the local time of a standard Brownian excursion. Furthermore…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-03-08 Michael Drmota , Bernhard Gittenberger

Distinguishing between continuous and first-order phase transitions is a major challenge in random discrete systems. We study the topic for events with recursive structure on Galton-Watson trees. For example, let $\mathcal{T}_1$ be the…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-08-05 Tobias Johnson

We consider multi-type Galton Watson trees, and find the distribution of these trees when conditioning on very general types of recursive events. It turns out that the conditioned tree is again a multi-type Galton Watson tree, possibly with…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-07-23 Eric Cator , Henk Don

We study $I(T)$, the number of inversions in a tree $T$ with its vertices labeled uniformly at random, which is a generalization of inversions in permutations. We first show that the cumulants of $I(T)$ have explicit formulas involving the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-04-21 Xing Shi Cai , Cecilia Holmgren , Svante Janson , Tony Johansson , Fiona Skerman

We study self-similarity in random binary rooted trees. In a well-understood case of Galton-Watson trees, a distribution on a space of trees is said to be self-similar if it is invariant with respect to the operation of pruning, which cuts…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-08-14 Yevgeniy Kovchegov , Ilya Zaliapin

We show a central limit theorem for random walk on a Galton-Watson tree, when the edges of the tree are assigned randomly uniformly elliptic conductances. When a positive fraction of edges is assigned a small conductance $\varepsilon$, we…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-10-14 Tabea Glatzel , Jan Nagel

In this article it is shown that the Brownian motion on the continuum random tree is the scaling limit of the simple random walks on any family of discrete $n$-vertex ordered graph trees whose search-depth functions converge to the Brownian…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-10-24 David Croydon

We introduce a random finite rooted tree $\mathcal{C}$, the steady state cluster, characterized by a recursive description: $\mathcal{C}$ is a singleton with probability $1/2$ and otherwise is obtained by joining by an edge the roots of two…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-09-11 Edward Crane

We study a genealogical model for continuous-state branching processes with immigration with a (sub)critical branching mechanism. This model allows the immigrants to be on the same line of descent. The corresponding family tree is an…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-02-13 Thomas Duquesne

We are interested in the asymptotic behavior of critical Galton-Watson trees whose offspring distribution may have infinite variance, which are conditioned on having a large fixed number of leaves. We first find an asymptotic estimate for…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-11-14 Igor Kortchemski

We study various models of random non-crossing configurations consisting of diagonals of convex polygons, and focus in particular on uniform dissections and non-crossing trees. For both these models, we prove convergence in distribution…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-11-14 Nicolas Curien , Igor Kortchemski